Heating value of biomass and biomass pyrolysis products

Raveendran, K.; Ganesh, Anuradda

doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(96)00158-5

Cited by 196 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The calculated HHV of the bio-char and NCG were found to be 29.85 and 9.56 MJ/kg respectively. These values are within the ranges reported for biomass fast pyrolysis [51][52][53].…”

Section: Product Yield and Compositionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A CFD study of biomass pyrolysis in a downer reactor equipped with a novel gas–solid separator-II thermochemical performance and products

Hassan

Ocone

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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Highlight A CFD model is used to simulate biomass fast pyrolysis in a downer reactor. An Eulerian-Eulerian approach with a single global pyrolysis reaction is used. A novel gas-solid separator was used to control the gas residence time. Predicted pyrolysis yield is in good agreement with reported literature data. AbstractA Eulerian-Eulerian CFD model was used to investigate the fast pyrolysis of biomass in a downer reactor equipped with a novel gas-solid separation mechanism. The highly endothermic pyrolysis reaction was assumed to be entirely driven by an inert solid heat carrier (sand). A one-step global pyrolysis reaction, along with the equations describing the biomass drying and heat transfer, was implemented in the hydrodynamic model presented in part I of this study (Fuel Processing Technology, V126,(366)(367)(368)(369)(370)(371)(372)(373)(374)(375)(376)(377)(378)(379)(380)(381)(382). The predictions of the gas-solid separation efficiency, temperature distribution, residence time and the pyrolysis product yield are presented and discussed. For the operating conditions considered, the devolatilisation efficiency was found to be above 60% and the yield composition in mass fraction was 56.85% bio-oil, 37.87% bio-char and 5.28% non-condensable gas (NCG). This has been found to agree reasonably well with recent relevant published experimental data. The novel gas-solid separation mechanism allowed achieving greater than 99.9% separation efficiency and < 2 s pyrolysis gas residence time. The model has been found to be robust and fast in terms of computational time, thus has the great potential to aid in future design and optimisation of the biomass fast pyrolysis process.

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“…The calculated HHV of the bio-char and NCG were found to be 29.85 and 9.56 MJ/kg respectively. These values are within the ranges reported for biomass fast pyrolysis [51][52][53].…”

Section: Product Yield and Compositionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A CFD study of biomass pyrolysis in a downer reactor equipped with a novel gas–solid separator-II thermochemical performance and products

Hassan

Ocone

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…Many researchers have reported the heating value of fuel measured using experimental testing (using adiabatic bomb calorimeter, proximate and ultimate analyses) [8], [14], [15], [18]- [20]. These conventional analysis methods are complicated, time consuming and require specialised set-up, measurement and calculation procedures [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LHV predication models and LHV effect on the performance of CI engine running with biodiesel blends

Tesfa

Mishra

et al. 2013

Energy Conversion and Management

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The heating value of fuel is one of its most important physical properties, and is used for the design and numerical simulation of combustion processes within internal combustion (IC) engines. Recently, there has been a significant increase in the use of dual fuel and blended fuels in compression ignition (CI) engines. Most of the blended fuels include biodiesel as one of the constituents and hence the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of biodiesel content to lower heating value (LHV) and to develop new LHV prediction models that correlate the LHV with biodiesel fraction, density and viscosity.Furthermore, this study also investigated the effects of the LHV on CI engines performance parameters experimentally. To achieve the above mentioned objectives density, viscosity and LHV of rapeseed oil biodiesel, corn oil biodiesel and waste oil biodiesel at different blend fraction values (B0, B5, B10, B20, B50, B75, and B100, where 'B5' denotes a blend of 5% biodiesel and 95% mineral diesel, etc) were measured as per EN ISO 3675:1998, EN ISO 3104:1996 and DIN 51900 standards. The engine experimental work was conducted on a four-cylinder, four -stroke, direct injection (DI) and turbocharged diesel engine by using rapeseed oil and normal diesel blends. Based on the experimental results, models were developed which have the capability to predict the 2 specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and thermal efficiency were analysed and it has been seen that for the neat biodiesel which its LHV is lower by 8% than diesel resulted in an increment of BSFC and thermal efficiency by 18% and 25% respectively.

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“…The hardened drupe endocarp represents the highest lignin content of any woody biomass source produced in appreciable amounts, commonly up to 50% wt/wt (13,14). As a biofuel, lignin has much higher energy density (approximately double) than cellulose (15,16). Collectively, these crops represent some of the most abundant horticultural fruit crops in the world.…”

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confidence: 99%

Global bioenergy potential from high-lignin agricultural residue

Mendu¹,

Shearin²,

Campbell

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Almost one-quarter of the world's population has basic energy needs that are not being met. Efforts to increase renewable energy resources in developing countries where per capita energy availability is low are needed. Herein, we examine integrated dual use farming for sustained food security and agro-bioenergy development. Many nonedible crop residues are used for animal feed or reincorporated into the soil to maintain fertility. By contrast, drupe endocarp biomass represents a high-lignin feedstock that is a waste stream from food crops, such as coconut (Cocos nucifera) shell, which is nonedible, not of use for livestock feed, and not reintegrated into soil in an agricultural setting. Because of highlignin content, endocarp biomass has optimal energy-to-weight returns, applicable to small-scale gasification for bioelectricity. Using spatial datasets for 12 principal drupe commodity groups that have notable endocarp byproduct, we examine both their potential energy contribution by decentralized gasification and relationship to regions of energy poverty. Globally, between 24 million and 31 million tons of drupe endocarp biomass is available per year, primarily driven by coconut production. Endocarp biomass used in small-scale decentralized gasification systems (15-40% efficiency) could contribute to the total energy requirement of several countries, the highest being Sri Lanka (8-30%) followed by Philippines (7-25%), Indonesia (4-13%), and India (1-3%). While representing a modest gain in global energy resources, mitigating energy poverty via decentralized renewable energy sources is proposed for rural communities in developing countries, where the greatest disparity between societal allowances exist.

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Heating value of biomass and biomass pyrolysis products

Cited by 196 publications

References 2 publications

A CFD study of biomass pyrolysis in a downer reactor equipped with a novel gas–solid separator-II thermochemical performance and products

A CFD study of biomass pyrolysis in a downer reactor equipped with a novel gas–solid separator-II thermochemical performance and products

LHV predication models and LHV effect on the performance of CI engine running with biodiesel blends

Global bioenergy potential from high-lignin agricultural residue

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