Heavy baryon dark matter from 
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 confinement: Bubble wall velocity and boundary effects

Gouttenoire, Yann; Kuflik, Eric; Liu, Di

doi:10.1103/physrevd.109.035002

Phys. Rev. D

2024

DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.109.035002

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Heavy baryon dark matter from SU(N) confinement: Bubble wall velocity and boundary effects

Yann Gouttenoire,

Eric Kuflik,

Di Liu

Abstract: Confinement in SU(NDC) Yang-Mills theories is known to proceed through first-order phase transition. The wall velocity is bounded by vw≲10−6 due to the needed time for the substantial latent heat released during the phase transition to dissipate through Hubble expansion. Quarks which are much heavier than the confinement scale can be introduced without changing the confinement dynamics. After they freeze-out, heavy quarks are squeezed into pockets of the deconfined phase until they completely annihilate with a… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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Bubble misalignment mechanism for axions

Lee,

Murai,

Takahashi

et al. 2024

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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We study the dynamics of axions at first-order phase transitions in non-Abelian gauge theories. When the duration of the phase transition is short compared to the timescale of the axion oscillations, the axion dynamics is similar to the trapped misalignment mechanism. On the other hand, if this is not the case, the axions are initially expelled from the inside of the bubbles, generating axion waves on the outside. Analogous to the Fermi acceleration, these axions gain energy by repeatedly scattering off the bubble walls. Once they acquire enough energy, they can enter the bubbles. If the axion oscillations are relevant only inside the bubbles during the phase transition, the axion abundance is significantly enhanced compared to models where the axion mass is either constant or varies continuously as a function of temperature. The increase in axion abundance depends on the axion mass, the duration of the phase transition, and the bubble wall velocity. This mechanism results in a spatially inhomogeneous distribution of axions, which could lead to the formation of axion miniclusters. It has potential implications for the formation of oscillons/I-balls, axion warm dark matter, cosmic birefringence, and the production of dark photons.

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Bubble misalignment mechanism for axions

Lee,

Murai,

Takahashi

et al. 2024

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Prediction of the bubble wall velocity for a large jump in degrees of freedom

Sanchez-Garitaonandia,

van de Vis

2024

Phys. Rev. D

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The bubble expansion velocity is an important parameter in the prediction of gravitational waves from first-order phase transitions. This parameter is difficult to compute, especially in phase transitions in strongly coupled theories. In this work, we present a method to estimate the wall velocity for phase transitions with a large enthalpy jump, valid for weakly and strongly coupled theories. We find that detonations are disfavored in this limit, but wall velocities are not necessarily small. We also investigate the effect of two other features in the equation of state: nonconformal sound speeds and a limited range of temperatures for which the phases exist. We find that the former can increase the wall velocity for a given nucleation temperature, and the latter can restrict the wall velocities to small values. To test our approach, we use holographic phase transitions, which typically display these three features. We find excellent agreement with numerically obtained values of the wall velocity. We also demonstrate that the implications for gravitational waves can be significant. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

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Heavy baryon dark matter from SU(N) confinement: Bubble wall velocity and boundary effects

Cited by 2 publications

References 122 publications

Bubble misalignment mechanism for axions

Bubble misalignment mechanism for axions

Prediction of the bubble wall velocity for a large jump in degrees of freedom

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