Heavy Episodic Drinking in College Students: Associations With Features of Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder

Sylvers, Patrick; Landfield, Kristin; Lilienfeld, Scott O.

doi:10.1080/07448481.2010.511363

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Acute alcohol intoxication includes accidents caused by driving while intoxicated, unwanted sexual behavior, and fights or other disruptive behaviors with possible legal implications. The repeated pattern of alcohol intoxication is related to cognitive impairments ( 4 , 5 ), worse health-related quality of life ( 6 ), and an increased risk of suffering psychiatric symptomatology/disorders ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Traits Related to Binge Drinking: A Systematic Review

2017

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The pattern of alcohol consumption in the form of binge drinking (BD) or heavy episodic drinking has increased notably worldwide in recent years, especially among adolescent and young people, being currently recognized as a global health problem. Although only a minority of binge drinkers will develop a substance use disorder, BD may have negative personal and social consequences in the short and medium term. The objective of this article is to review the findings on personality traits related to binge drinkers and to emphasize the aspects that should be examined in order to make progress in this area. The main characteristics of personality related to the practice of BD, regardless of the theoretical model used, are high Impulsivity and high Sensation seeking, as well as Anxiety sensitivity, Neuroticism (Hopelessness), Extraversion and low Conscientiousness. The data obtained may have theoretical implications to elucidate the endophenotype of BD, but they are especially useful for their preventive applications. Integration into prevention programs of emotional self-control skills, decision-making, social skills, and strategies to manage negative emotions will minimize the risk factors or consequences of BD associated with personality and will improve their effectiveness. In the future, it is necessary to harmonize a common measurement instrument for the assessment of personality, develop longitudinal studies with large samples that also integrate biological and neurocognitive measurements, and determine the reciprocal relationship between personality and BD together with its modulating variables, as well as the possible cultural differences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Traits Related to Binge Drinking: A Systematic Review

2017

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“…Psychopathic individuals have frequently been characterized as impulsive and irresponsible risk takers, with an altered sensitivity to reward and reward-related stimuli ( Cleckley, 1941 ; Mitchell et al, 2002 ; Hare, 2003 ; Ross et al, 2007 ; Wallace et al, 2009 ; Morgan et al, 2011 ; Hopley and Brunelle, 2012 ; Beszterczey et al, 2013 ; Dean et al, 2013 ; Salim et al, 2015 ). Given that these are also characteristics that predict initial and prolonged drug use ( Woicik et al, 2009 ; Koob and Volkow, 2010 ; Dissabandara et al, 2014 ; Leeman et al, 2014 ), it may come as no surprise that psychopathy has been associated with heightened levels of substance use ( Kennealy et al, 2007 ; Coid et al, 2009 ; Hillege et al, 2010 ; Cope et al, 2014 ; Hawes et al, 2015 ), as well as increased diagnosis of both substance abuse ( Hemphill et al, 1994 ; Mailloux et al, 1997 ; Cauffman et al, 2009 ; Sylvers et al, 2011 ; Jones and Miller, 2012 ; Colins et al, 2015 ) and substance dependence ( Hart et al, 1991 ; Hemphill et al, 1994 ; Walsh et al, 2007 ; Hopley and Brunelle, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging Metrics of Drug and Food Processing in Cocaine-Dependence, as a Function of Psychopathic Traits and Substance Use Severity

Denomme

Simard

Shane

2018

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Previous studies suggest that psychopathic traits commonly present as comorbid with substance use disorders. Moreover, neuroimaging and psychometric findings suggest that psychopathic traits may predispose individuals to a sensitized reward response to drugs. Given that substance use disorders are characterized by a neurocognitive bias toward drug-reward relative to non-drug reward, it is possible that heightened psychopathic characteristics may further predispose to this processing bias. To evaluate this possibility, we assessed psychopathic traits (measured using the PCL-R; Hare, 2003) in 105 probationers/parolees and evaluated the relationship between PCL-R scores, lifetime duration of drug use, and biases in neural response to drug- compared to food-related videos. Psychopathic traits (potentially driven by interpersonal/affective traits) were positively correlated with drug > food reactivity within the right insula and left amygdala. In addition, psychopathic traits modulated the relationship between drug use and drug > food reactivity within the left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, right insula, and left caudate nucleus. Specifically, lifetime duration of drug use correlated positively with drug > food reactivity in participants with lower levels of psychopathic traits and correlated negatively with drug > food reactivity in individuals with higher levels of psychopathic traits. These results help reconcile prior studies on psychopathy and drug-stimulus processing and provide neurocognitive support for the notion that psychopathic traits serve as an underlying risk factor for substance use disorders. These results suggest that different treatment regimens for substance abuse for individuals with higher or lower levels of psychopathy may be beneficial and suggest that reduction of neurocognitive biases to drug-related stimuli may offer useful targets for future treatment protocols.

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“…At first glance, many of the behaviours associated with psychopathy also appear "impulsive" such as promiscuous sexual behaviour, gambling, drug-use and criminal activities (Blaszczynski, Steel, & McConaghy, 1997;Harris, Rice, Hilton, Lalumiere, & Quinsey, 2007;Sylvers, Landfield, & Lilienfeld, 2011). On the other hand, clinicians often report on the ability of psychopathic offenders to plan their crimes and to carefully manipulate others for their own gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathy and impulsivity: The relationship of the triarchic model of psychopathy to different forms of impulsivity in offenders and community participants

Weidacker

O'Farrell

Gray

et al. 2017

Personality and Individual Differences

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Psychopathic individuals are considered to be impulsive, but impulsivity is a multifaceted construct (including positive and negative urgency, lack of planning, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking). We investigated the relationships between the Triarchic Psychopathy Model (TriPM), conceptualising psychopathy in terms of: Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition, and UPPS-P Impulsivity. Prison and community participants were examined to assess for consistency in relationships between psychopathic traits and impulsivity across these samples. Boldness related to high sensation seeking, but to low negative urgency and strong perseverance. Disinhibition related to high levels of negative/ positive urgency, and poor planning. Meanness was linked to most forms of impulsivity. While the samples showed small differences (higher Sensation Seeking for the community sample, and greater TriPM Disinhibition for the offenders), there were no differences in the relationships between TriPM and UPPS-P. The findings support the dimensional model of psychopathy and demonstrate that some aspects of psychopathy are related to reduced impulsivity. This might explain why some psychopathic offenders are able to commit instrumental violence or criminal behaviour that requires a high level of planning and persistence. March 29 th , 2017 Dear Editor, Thank you for the comments to our paper. We have made the changes requested and have detailed them below. For your convenience we have italicized the comments of the reviewer and have typed our response in red below each one.

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Heavy Episodic Drinking in College Students: Associations With Features of Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder

Abstract: These findings point to the need for further investigation of the association between psychopathy and ASPD traits and heavy episodic drinking behaviors in college students.

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Personality Traits Related to Binge Drinking: A Systematic Review

Personality Traits Related to Binge Drinking: A Systematic Review

Neuroimaging Metrics of Drug and Food Processing in Cocaine-Dependence, as a Function of Psychopathic Traits and Substance Use Severity

Psychopathy and impulsivity: The relationship of the triarchic model of psychopathy to different forms of impulsivity in offenders and community participants

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