Heavy-Liquid Bubble Chambers

Abstract

Experience with some high-Z liquids or fluid mixtures in bubble chambers, at M.I.T. and from other groups, is discussed. Measurement procedures are analyzed, and optimum methods are presented for angle measurements, pβc determination from multiple scattering, and momentum determination from magnetic curvature. Magnetic fields will be useful even in strongly scattering liquids. Combined use of magnetic and scattering determination is not much better than one alone. Results are presented on detection efficiency for high-energy gamma rays, and on the severe effects of radiation straggling on energy measurements on electron pairs.