Abstract:The abundance of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea) was evaluated along an 12 urban-suburban-rural gradient. We tested two hypotheses regarding the response of species: 13 (i) habitat specialist hypothesis, according to which the abundance of the forest specialists 14 would increase, while the abundance of the urban environment specialist isopods would 15 decrease along the urban-rural gradient, and (ii) opportunistic species hypothesis (abundance 16 of the generalist species would increase by increasing level of urbanization). The abundance 17 of the forest specialist isopod Trachelipus ratzeburgii increased significantly along the 18 studied gradient. An opposite tendency was observed for the abundance of the urban 19 environment specialist isopod Porcellio scaber, as it was significantly higher in the urban area 20 than in the suburban and rural sites. One generalist species (Trachelipus rathkii) gained 21 dominance in the urban area, while other two generalists (Armadillidium vulgare and 22Porcellium collicola) showed no significant changes in abundance along the gradient. 23