“…Relatively higher metal contents were recorded in G. cruentata when compared to water, which can be attributed to biological buildup. Similarly, Lawal-Are et al 33 found elevated levels of zinc (0.74 ± 0.13 mg kg -1 ), copper (1.21 ± 0.03 mg kg -1 ), chromium (0.28 ± 0.10 mg kg -1 ), lead (0.26 ± 0.07 mg kg -1 ) and nickel (0.28 ± 0.03 mg kg -1 ) in Callinects amnicola from Igbese River. According to Ezemonye et al 34 , elevated heavy metal concentrations in aquatic organisms imply cumulative exposure through water and/or food.…”