Heavy-Metal Bioavailability and Chelate Mobilization Efficiency in an Assisted Phytoextraction Process bySesbania sesban(L.) Merr

Abstract

TaiwanChelate-induced phytoextraction is an innovative technique for cleaning metalcontaminated soil. The present study evaluates the degree of metal mobilization in soil and enhancement of phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) by Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. from artificially contaminated soil by application of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). After 30 days of plant growth, the pots were divided into three sets (0.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mmol EDTA per kg soil). Experimental results indicated that levels of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable metals and metals in the leachate decreased as the EDTA dose increased. Plant growth parameters and total chlorophyll contents in the plants with EDTA applied were less than those of control. However, EDTA application significantly reduced metal accumulation in root and increased metal accumulation in the shoot of plants; similar results were obtained for the bioconcentration factor and translocation factor. The application of 5 mmol EDTA kg -1 to metal-spiked soil may be an efficient alternative for the chemically enhanced phytoextraction by S. sesban.

Sesbania sesban (L.) Merrill: Potential uses of an underutilized multipurpose tree in Ethiopia

“…The species, S. sesban (L.) Merrill belongs to the subfamily Papilionoideae, family Leguminosae or Fabaceae (Dinendra and Azad-ud-doula, 2001;Pandhare et al, 2011;Gupta et al, 2011) under the tribe Robinieae (Forni-Martins and Guerra, 1999) with 2n = 12 chromosome (Gillett, 1963;Heering, 1995) and n = 6, 7, 8, 12 and 14 haploid chromosome (Heering, 1995). The genus Sesbania Scop.…”

“…The majority of Sesbania species are annuals, and some are relatively short-lived woody perennials. The greatest species diversity occurs in Africa (distributed widely in northern, eastern, southern and central Africa) with 33 species described (Gillett, 1963;Degefu et al, 2011;Yang et al, 2003;Vadivel et al, 2012;Gupta et al, 2011). Five varieties of S. sesban are recognised botanically (Mani et al, 2011;Gutteridge, 1993) viz., S. sesban var.…”

“…It has moderate shade tolerance as well, and it is adapted to a wide variety of soil types, ranging from loose sandy soils to heavy clays. Furthermore, it has an excellent tolerance to waterlogging and flooding (Heering, 1995) as well as saline, acidic, alkaline soils (Orwa et al, 2009) and soils laden with heavy metals (Gupta et al, 2011).…”

Effect of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) and Kinetin on Seed Germination of Sesbania sesban L. and Sesbania rostrata L. (Fabaceae)

“…Sesbania L. belongs to the sub-family Papilionoideae and family Fabaceae [7][8][9]. The genus is widely distributed and cultivated throughout tropical Africa and Asia.…”

“…It has also been introduced in tropical America [10] and is an exotic plant to Ethiopia [11,12]. The greatest species diversity (33 species) occurs in Africa [9,[13][14][15][16]. S. sesban and S. rostrata have enormous economic importance, among these are nitrogenfixing [17]; fodder and to alleviation of feed shortages; maintenance of soil fertility and prevention of land degradation [18,19] and serve as protein supplement to poor quality roughages or as substitute for commercial protein supplements [11,14,20].…”