Heavy metal contamination in the Cotopaxi and Tungurahua rivers: a health risk

Sánchez-Mateos, Soledad; Pérez, L. Figuero; Suárez, Manolo Alexander Córdova; Cabrera-Riofrio, David Alejandro

doi:10.1007/s12665-020-8869-9

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In the Ambato River, in Ecuador, Cr was the metal with the highest non-carcinogenic risk studied for ingestion (Sánchez-Mateos et al, 2020). This corroborates with this study since Cr was the second metal with the highest HI in this study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The HI sum of all metals was 7.08E-01 for adult and 1.04E+00 for child, indicating that for children the metals present in the water of the stream João Leite have a potential adverse effect on non-carcinogenic health, since total HI is > 1. HI for adults followed In the study of Ferré-Huguet et al (2009) found HI higher in children than in adults, which was also found by Sánchez-Mateos et al (2020), which indicated that children have a higher non-carcinogenic risk, developing some disease as a result of being more vulnerable and having less tolerance to trace elements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Health risk assessment by trace elements in an aquatic system in midwestern Brazil

Gomes

Oliveira

Gama

et al. 2021

RSD

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Water is an important asset for the maintenance of life and socioeconomic development. Aquatic environments have been anthropized, receiving a large polluting load, mainly from trace elements.This study investigates the occurrence of health risks caused by 15 trace elements in the surface water of João Leite stream. Health risk indices were evaluated as average daily dose (ADD), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index and carcinogenic risk. The risk analysis to human health of the stream João Leite water, indicated that the ADDingestion for the adults had the highest for Fe 1.86E-00 µg/kg/day and lower value for Be 8.0E-05 µg/kg/day. On the other hand, of ADDdermal the highest value was for Fe 5.02E-02 µg/kg/day and, the smallest for Sb 1.54E-05 µg/kg/day. For children to ADDingestion obtained was obtained the highest Fe value 2.60E-00 µg/kg/day and smaller for Be 1.12E-04 µg/kg/day. For ADDdermal the highest value was for Fe 8.58E-02 µg/kg/day and smaller for Sb 2.64E-05 µg/kg/day. HQ for adults ranged from 1.61E-05 to 2.97E-01 for HQingestion and 7.71E-06 to 1.01E-01 for HQdermal. For children 2.25E-05 to 3.74E-01 for HQingestion and 1.32E-05 to 1.73E-01 for HQdermal. The health risk assessment showed that for children, the trace elements present in water have a potentially adverse effect on non-carcinogenic health. The carcinogenic risks were unacceptable for both children and adults. Thus, it is recommended that the use of these waters be limited and that measures be taken to minimize pollution by trace elements.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Health risk assessment by trace elements in an aquatic system in midwestern Brazil

Gomes

Oliveira

Gama

et al. 2021

RSD

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“…The social context of these indigenous groups can also exacerbate their exposure to environmental risk factors. Many Ecuadorian indigenous tribes live in areas with alarmingly high arsenic contamination in the water and soil and face heavy exposure through consumption of water and rice [ 54 ], but do not have the expertise or the financial means to improve their living conditions by relocating or changing their diet. Furthermore, their marginalized social status in Ecuador leaves them particularly vulnerable, with lack of cancer diagnostic and treatment services in rural areas and inequitable health access [ 30 , 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Link between Oil Exploitation and Cancer in the Indigenous Population of Ecuador: A Scoping Review

Uyttersprot

Janssens

Fernandes

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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With cancer accounting for 19% of deaths and projected to rise in the coming years, Ecuador’s inequities in healthcare coverage remain a major concern for the rural, indigenous populations. While the cancer burden among this vulnerable population has been much publicized in the context of the controversial oil extraction in the Amazon, there is contradictory evidence on its occurrence and determinants. This review critically discusses the available literature on cancer among indigenous people in Ecuador and explores the link between oil exploitation and cancer occurrence among indigenous people using a scoping review approach. The results of this review show there is a clear but inconsistent association between oil exposure and cancer risk in indigenous populations of Ecuador. While the environmental magnitude of oil extraction in this region is a topic of debate, our findings point to the interplay with social determinants and other sources of carcinogenic compounds, which exacerbates the risks faced by indigenous communities. Based on these findings, this study puts forward three arguments to contextualize the occurrence of cancer related to oil exploitation in the Amazon, and puts forth key recommendations for public health initiatives embedded within the local community.

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“…In the Guayas River Basin, Deknock et al [110] found pesticide and chemical fertiliser residues used in banana and rice plantations. Sanchez-Mateos et al [111] found heavy metal contamination in highland rivers due to floriculture residuals.…”

Section: Agrochemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the spraying of these components also affects populations close to the crop, with significant variations in the levels of acetylcholinesterase [110]. On the other hand, the use of soluble fertilisers could cause salinity in soils and the presence of heavy metal contamination in rivers [111].…”

Section: Agrochemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking Agricultural Policy in Ecuador (1960–2020): Analysis Based on the Water–Energy–Food Security Nexus

Toledo,

Salmoral,

Viteri-Salazar

2023

Sustainability

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Agriculture is the principal source for satisfying the growing global demand for food. However, current production patterns and socioeconomic and demographic pressures could lead to an unsustainable, inequitable food supply. Government interventions support technical advances designed to meet future needs following international trends while overcoming biophysical constraints. Those most often used are focused on augmenting land productivity through mechanisation and increased dependence on external inputs. To that end, public policies have emerged as engines of development in agriculture and the agri-food system. This article provides a chronological analysis of the relevant milestones in the agri-food sector in Ecuador (1960–2020). At first, agrarian reform focused on land distribution and tenure. Subsequently, the focus moved to the implementation of research, technological innovation and technology transfer programmes promoted by the state with support and financing from international organisations. For this article, we chose for our approach the water–energy–food nexus. Until now, insufficient study based on this approach regarding agricultural programmes has been conducted in Ecuador. It is essential to concentrate on this sector because it represents about 10% of the gross domestic product and is a principal source of employment for more than two-thirds of the economically active population in rural areas. However, land fractioning, the lack of project continuity and the focus on the application of technological packages identified in this analysis suggest the need to rethink public policies for a sustainable agri-food system.

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Heavy metal contamination in the Cotopaxi and Tungurahua rivers: a health risk

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Health risk assessment by trace elements in an aquatic system in midwestern Brazil

Health risk assessment by trace elements in an aquatic system in midwestern Brazil

Exploring the Link between Oil Exploitation and Cancer in the Indigenous Population of Ecuador: A Scoping Review

Rethinking Agricultural Policy in Ecuador (1960–2020): Analysis Based on the Water–Energy–Food Security Nexus

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