Heavy Metal Distribution in Street Dust from Traditional Markets and the Human Health Implications

Kim, Jin Ah; Park, Jin Hee; Hwang, Won Ju

doi:10.3390/ijerph13080820

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…On the other hand, in a recent study carried out on street dust from the also densely populated and industrialized city of Monterrey, northern Mexico, Urrutia-Goyes et al [13] found even higher Cu (167 mg/kg) and Pb (227 mg/kg) concentration values than in CDMX. Also, concentration values of the same order of magnitude are reported for other industrialized countries for the last decade [27,28]. In a study of heavy metal in street dust from traditional markets in the southern area of South Korea, Kim et al [27] report a similar mean Pb value of 128 mg/ kg for a heavy traffic road, although even a higher mean Cu value of 353 mg/kg is observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Also, concentration values of the same order of magnitude are reported for other industrialized countries for the last decade [27,28]. In a study of heavy metal in street dust from traditional markets in the southern area of South Korea, Kim et al [27] report a similar mean Pb value of 128 mg/ kg for a heavy traffic road, although even a higher mean Cu value of 353 mg/kg is observed. In the case of street dust of Baoji, NW China, Lu et al [28] report mean concentration values of 433 and 123 mg/kg for Pb and Cu, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

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Heavy metal content estimation in the Mexico City Street dust: an inter-method comparison and Pb levels assessment during the last decade

et al. 2020

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Elemental concentrations measured in 482 street dust samples from different urban and conurbated areas of Mexico City obtained using a portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer are reported. The data quality of eight different elements commonly used in pollution studies is evaluated, calculating the data precision and accuracy obtained with this handheld equipment. Precision for the various elements analyzed ranges between 1.2 and 15.9%, which can be considered as adequately precise for portable equipment. In the case of the accuracy, a maximum under-/overestimation of less than 20% was achieved. Pb and Zn correlation factors were 0.725 and 0.923, respectively. Similar mean Pb concentration values to those reported by ICP-OES were obtained. An average value of ~ 100 mg/kg for Pb concentration was estimated, which is significantly lower than the utmost permissible levels for residential/commercial usage. On the contrary, contamination factors calculated to identify the metal accumulation against those of the background values point from considerable to high contamination for 62 and 30% of the street dust samples analyzed, respectively. A comparison of the results recorded in Mexico City 10 years ago against those obtained suggests that no significant reduction in Pb concentration has occurred during this period despite the measures implemented to stop using leaded gasoline for three decades. Finally, the sample's low-amount requirements, simple nondestructive preparation procedure, and rapid elemental concentration determinations make portable XRF a promising geochemical determination technique for the fast and economic evaluation of contamination by heavy metals in large cities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Heavy metal content estimation in the Mexico City Street dust: an inter-method comparison and Pb levels assessment during the last decade

et al. 2020

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“…The street dust was demonstrated as a source of heavy elements in different traditional markets in Korea [ 33 ]. This may suggest that the presence of dust in traditional markets has effects on the medicinal herbs sold to the public.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Elements in Different Medicinal Plants and the Impact on Human Health

Brima

2017

IJERPH

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Local medicinal plants from Madina, Saudi Arabia, are used to cure various diseases. However, some can cause adverse health effects. Five different medicinal plants were collected in the city of Madina: mahareeb (Cymbopogon), sheeh (Artemisia), harjal (Cynanchum argel delile), nabipoot (Equisetum), and kafmariam (Vitex agnus-castus). In total, four toxic elements including Al, Pb, As, and Cd were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The range of recoveries fell between 86.1 and 90.6% for all measured elements. Al levels were the highest of any of the studied elements in all plant samples, with Cymbopogon showing the highest levels. The range of concentrations of Al was 156–1609 mg/kg. Cd appeared at the lowest levels in all plants samples, with Vitex agnus-castus containing this element at the highest levels. Cd concentrations were in the range of 0.01–0.10 mg/kg. A washing process lowered the toxic elements in all plants; average % recoveries were Al (47.32%), As (59.1%), Cd (62.03%), and Pb (32.40%). The calculated human health risk assessment in one dose for toxic elements in all plants was as follows: Al (1.33 × 10−3–5.57 × 10−2 mg/kg.bw), Pb (0–8.86 × 10−5 mg/kg.bw), As (3.43 × 10−7–1.33 × 10−5 mg/kg.bw), and Cd (0–3.14 × 10−6 mg/kg.bw). Medicinal plants are a source of exposure to toxic elements. However, none of the plants in this study exceeded the daily guideline set by the WHO for any element based on conventional use by the local population. We may cautiously conclude that these medicinal plants pose no risk to users based on conventional use.

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“…The contents were stored in plastic bags and transferred to the laboratory. Materials such as stones, branches and leaves were removed and the samples were sieved to a particle size less than 63 µm using a stainless steel sieve [26][27][28]. Areas with distinct characteristics were chosen in order to clearly demonstrate their influence on the samples investigated.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterization and Human Health Risk Assessment Analysis of Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn and Zn Contents in Street Dust from Different Urban Sites in Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil

Silva¹,

Lourdes²,

Cuin³

et al. 2020

Br J Anal Chem

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Health risk assessment of different metals (Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn and Zn) was evaluated in 12 street dust samples (SD) collected in Juiz de Fora and Congonhas cities, Southeast Brazil, from May to July 2017. Quartz, hematite, magnesium and aluminum silicate were found in Congonhas' samples, while quartz, hematite, andaluzite, diopside, dolomite and calcite phases have been found in Juiz de Fora's samples. The main elements observed in the samples were Al, Fe, O and Si, elements such as Ca, K, Mg, Na and Ti were found in minor concentrations. The major mineral phases observed in SD samples by MLA were iron oxides and hydroxides, quartz, clay compounds and many phases containing the Al element, which are in accordance with the XRD analysis characterization. Analytes were detected in the following order: Fe> Zn> Mn> Cr> Cd, except for Mn> Zn in the Congonhas samples. The Zn contents found in some samples were higher than prevention value for industrial areas (2000 mg kg-1). The metals Cd (56 to 90%) and Zn (37 to 59%) showed high gastrointestinal bioaccessibility. The Cr and Fe analytes presented low solubility ranging from 10 to 18% and from 8 to 10%, respectively. It was verified that Cd and Zn presented non-carcinogenic risk through dermal, ingestion and inhalation contact for the most samples studied. However, non-carcinogenic risk factor (HQ) obtained for Zn in all samples collected were greater than the limit set by USEPA. No carcinogenic risk was observed for Cd and Cr in the investigated samples.

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Heavy Metal Distribution in Street Dust from Traditional Markets and the Human Health Implications

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Heavy metal content estimation in the Mexico City Street dust: an inter-method comparison and Pb levels assessment during the last decade

Heavy metal content estimation in the Mexico City Street dust: an inter-method comparison and Pb levels assessment during the last decade

Toxic Elements in Different Medicinal Plants and the Impact on Human Health

Chemical Characterization and Human Health Risk Assessment Analysis of Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn and Zn Contents in Street Dust from Different Urban Sites in Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil

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