Heavy metal(loid)s contaminations in soils of Pakistan: a review for the evaluation of human and ecological risks assessment and spatial distribution

Din, Imran Ud; Muhammad, Said; Rehman, Inayat Ur

doi:10.1007/s10653-022-01312-x

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 128 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The ndings showed that children have a high risk (HI > 1) compared to adults in the districts' coal dust and soil. Higher HI values for children were noted consistent with a previous study(Din et al 2022). The high HI readings may be due to the increased HM intake by the inhabitants and lower RfD values, including other factors(Din et al 2022).…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…Higher HI values for children were noted consistent with a previous study(Din et al 2022). The high HI readings may be due to the increased HM intake by the inhabitants and lower RfD values, including other factors(Din et al 2022). Higher HI may lead to chronic health issues for the mining workers and residents near the coal mining localities.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…1 (Loska et al 1997;Muhammad and Ullah 2022). The background values used for selected HM were 35900, 750, 175, 90, 70, 68, 50, 29, 15, 1.5, and 1 mg/kg for Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, As, Mo, and Cd, respectively adapted from Hakanson (1980) and Din et al (2022). CF = HM soil / HM Background (1) The CF classi cation is presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Contamination Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human health risk assessment of HM in soil has been computed for different age groups, i.e., adults and children, utilizing the equations from previous studies (Din et al 2022).…”

Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Heavy metal(loid)s contamination, pollution quantification, and health risk assessment along with coal mines in the Hangu and Kurram Districts, Northwest Pakistan

Din

Muhammad

Faisal

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heavy metal(loid)s (HM) was considered hazardous contaminants owing to their toxicity, persistency, and bio-accumulative nature in the environment. The current study aimed to examine HM concentrations in coal, coal dust, and surrounding soil along with coal mines in the Hangu and Kurram Districts. Using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, samples of coal, coal dust, and soil were analyzed for HM concentrations. Coal, coal dust, and soil showed maximum mean concentrations of 62100, 52610, and 45300 mg/kg for iron (Fe) and a minimum of 1.14, 0.9, and 2.0 mg/kg for molybdenum (Mo), respectively. HM concentrations in coal dust and soil were evaluated for contamination factor (CF), ecological risk index (ERi), potential ecological risk index (PERI), and human risk assessment. CF indicated very high contamination (CF > 6) in coal dust 6.05 and soil 5.2 of the Hangu District for cadmium (Cd). The ERi data showed that most HM in coal dust and soil of studied districts exhibited low ecological risk (ERi < 40), except for Cd. Moreover, the coal dust and soil of Hangu District showed considerable ecological risk (190 < PERI < 380), while the coal dust of Kurram District exhibited moderate ecological risk (95 < PERI < 190). Among human exposure pathways, ingestion was the primary exposure route compared to other routes (inhalation and dermal). The non-carcinogenic risk, i.e., hazard quotient (HQ), was observed in the order of; ingestion > dermal > inhalation in humans. The hazard index (HI) values were found to be higher in children (HI > 1) than in adults via coal dust and soil and could cause chronic health problems. Cancer risk (CR) values were noted within the US EPA threshold. Therefore, the current study recommends regular monitoring of HM in the area to control the health hazard to residents in the future.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 88%

supporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Contamination Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human health risk assessment of HM in soil has been computed for different age groups, i.e., adults and children, utilizing the equations from previous studies (Din et al 2022).…”

Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Heavy metal(loid)s contamination, pollution quantification, and health risk assessment along with coal mines in the Hangu and Kurram Districts, Northwest Pakistan

Din

Muhammad

Faisal

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, critical Cd contents in plants which are above the level regarded as desirable for humans are 5 to 30 mg/kg [ 9 ]. Some studies have reported that both natural and human-induced contamination impact the trace element contents of cultivated soils and food crops like corn and this results in an assortment of both essential and toxic elements in such crops [ 9 – 15 ]. The foremost threats to human well-being from trace elements, for example, are linked with exposure to arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) [ 11 ], as well as to chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) which therefore makes these elements of environmental importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace elements concentrations in soil contaminate corn in the vicinity of a cement-manufacturing plant: potential health implications

Abatemi-Usman,

Akindele,

Ayanlade

et al. 2023

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Cultivated lands in the vicinity of industry are vulnerable due to trace element releases from industrial activities. One such situation concerns the surrounding of the largest cement-manufacturing plant in sub-Saharan Africa, located in Obajana, Nigeria. Objective This study aimed at examining the trace element concentrations in the soil as they contaminate corn crops in the vicinity of a cement manufacturing plant. A case study of the cement-manufacturing plant located in Obajana, Nigeria is presented. Methods We used inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer to analyse for total arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium(Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) concentrations and microwave-induced plasma-atomic emission spectrometer to measure total iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) contents in 89 samples of corn and surface soil (0–15 cm) from five farmlands including reference farmland and evaluated health hazard of human exposure to the trace elements via the consumption of corn cultivated in the area. Results The results showed the average Cr concentrations in µg/g dry weight (±standard error of the mean) in corn ranged from 2.08 ± 0.17 to 3.56 ± 0.65 in all the farmlands including control, while the mean Pb levels in µg/g dry weight (± standard error of the mean) in corn extended from 0.23 ± 0.03 to 0.38 ± 0.02 in the farmlands downwind of the cement plant. The Cr values were several factors higher than the stable concentration range of 0.01 to 0.41 µg/g reported in cereal grains, while the Pb values exceeded the limit of 0.2 µg/g set by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization in grains. Lead is a trace element of environmental concern and its average levels in the farmlands downwind of the plant were found to be several orders of magnitude higher than the values in µg/g dry weight (± standard error of the mean) (0.01 ± 0.00 to 0.02 ± 0.00) observed in the farmlands upwind of the plant and were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Impact statement Our findings provide the first health hazard assessment from the consumption of corn cultivated in the vicinity of the largest cement-manufacturing plant in Nigeria as far as we know.

show abstract

A georeferenced dataset of heavy metals occurrence in the soils of the Yangtze River Basin, China

Sun,

Liu,

Xie

et al. 2024

Geoscience Data Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the fine‐scale spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination is crucial for effective environmental capacity control and targeted treatment of polluted areas. This article presents the latest dataset on the occurrence of common heavy metals in the soils of the Yangtze River Basin. The dataset was compiled by reviewing peer‐reviewed literature published between 2000 and 2020. Rigorous quality control procedures were employed to ensure the accuracy of the data, including the extraction of detailed geographic locations and concentrations of heavy metals. The dataset includes 7867 records of heavy metal occurrences (Zn: 1045, Cu: 1140, Pb: 1261, Cr: 980, Cd: 1242, Ni: 649, As: 821, Hg: 729) in the soils of the Yangtze River Basin, distributed at four scale levels: province, prefecture, county, and township or finer. The results indicate that the distribution of heavy metal concentrations is relatively scattered, with higher concentrations in cities and regions with developed industry and agriculture. Cd has the highest exceedance rate (33.90%), indicating significant local contamination. Heavy metals, such as Zn at 11.96%, Ni at 12.63%, and As at 9.74%, also exceeded standard levels at certain sampling points. Cr had the lowest exceedance rate of 1.33%. This updated dataset provides essential information on the current status of heavy metals contamination in the soils of the Yangtze River Basin. It can be used for further ecological and health risk assessments and for developing strategies to remediate and prevent heavy metal contamination in the region.

show abstract

Heavy metal(loid)s contaminations in soils of Pakistan: a review for the evaluation of human and ecological risks assessment and spatial distribution

Cited by 39 publications

References 128 publications

Heavy metal(loid)s contamination, pollution quantification, and health risk assessment along with coal mines in the Hangu and Kurram Districts, Northwest Pakistan

Heavy metal(loid)s contamination, pollution quantification, and health risk assessment along with coal mines in the Hangu and Kurram Districts, Northwest Pakistan

Trace elements concentrations in soil contaminate corn in the vicinity of a cement-manufacturing plant: potential health implications

A georeferenced dataset of heavy metals occurrence in the soils of the Yangtze River Basin, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About