Heavy Metal Pollution and Men Infertility in Al-Falluja City

Abstract

In this study, a total of 209 individuals of leeches were collected from Al-Hindyia River / Babil Province. 116 individuals were identified as Erpobdella octaculata (Linnaeus, 1758), 50 individuals as Erpobdella punctata (Leidy,1870) and 43 individuals as Hemiclepsis marginata (Müller, 1774). Four samples were collected monthly during a period from February to June 2018. Some physical and chemical water properties were also examined, including air and water temperature, potential of hydrogen pH, Electrical Conductivity EC, Total Dissolved Solid TDS, Dissolved Oxygen DO, and the Biological Oxygen Demand BOD₅. Air and water temperature were ranged 19.5-29, & 14.6-23.2 °C respectively. The values of pH ranged 6.2-7.6. EC ranged 1104-1581 μs/cm². The TDS recorded 669-767 mg/l, while the DO reached 1.3-8.5 mg / l, the BOD₅ ranged 3.5-5.7 mg/l.

Environmental and Health Impact of Heavy Metal Accumulation in (Hair - Nails) of Scavenger Workers at Some Landfill Sites in Baghdad City-Iraq

“…Stricter measures may be required in summer to reduce lead, copper, and nickel volatilization, while added protections could be beneficial in winter to mitigate zinc exposure threats. Moreover, the considerable seasonal variations highlight the importance of regular biomonitoring of landfill employees to identify priority metals of concern year-round, as noted in previous research (17).…”

“…cumulative effects of cadmium and lead on yeast were investigated in a study (17), elucidating the mechanisms of cell poisoning. The present study continues previous research to assess the prevalence of the landfills problem in Iraq.…”