Heavy Metal Pollution of Chari River Water during the Crossing of N’Djamena (Chad)

Ngaram, Nambatingar; Clément, Yohann; A, Merle; Mahamat, Tchadanaye New; Lantéri, Pierre

doi:10.3390/toxics5040026

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Based on the selected components outlined in previous section, the final setup was realized to obtain the calibration curve of the Mn 2+ sample at the intended range of interest. Firstly, by following the procedures outlined by Hach manual [25], a set of colorimetric sample solutions, blank solution (contains only colorimetric agent) and analyte solutions (containing Mn 2+ ions) were prepared. For analyte solution, the samples were prepared at concentration of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mg/L.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To prepare the samples for testing, the standard procedure outlined in Hach's preparation manual was followed [25]. The samples were prepared using a titration and dilution procedure, which involved using chemicals, listed in Table 1 a blank sample and Mn 2+ solution ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 mg/L were prepared to cover a range of concentrations for testing.…”

Section: Samples and Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-cost colorimetric setup for concentration measurement of manganese ions based on optical absorbance

Maidan Dali,

Ali,

Mohamad Robi

et al. 2023

IJECE

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This study presents a cost-effective setup for measuring the concentration of Mn2+ ions using colorimetry. The current method involves a calibration curve created with expensive and large commercial laboratory-based instruments, limiting its use in financially constrained situations. To address this issue, the study proposes a low-cost setup consisting of a light-emitting diode and photodiode that utilizes colorimetric and absorbance effects for Mn2+ concentration measurement. Mn2+ colorimetric samples were prepared using the 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) method with concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 mg/L. The samples were tested using the proposed setup, followed by a spectrophotometry test to determine the optimal configuration for the setup. The validity of the setup was confirmed by measuring the voltage and calculating the optical absorbance, which exhibited a good correlation with the concentration, consistent with the initial expectation. The correlation coefficient for voltage and absorbance against Mn2+ concentration was found to be 0.9976 and 0.9987, respectively, indicating good linearity and suitability as a calibration curve for Mn2+ detection and measurement. Consequently, the study’s objectives were successfully achieved, and the proposed setup is considered a viable platform for more complex applications, such as real-time monitoring activities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Samples and Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost colorimetric setup for concentration measurement of manganese ions based on optical absorbance

Maidan Dali,

Ali,

Mohamad Robi

et al. 2023

IJECE

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“…Thus, samples were taken using a probe in areas where the water flow is not disturbed (natural obstacles, tree trunks, etc.) [13]. The samples were taken at a depth of 0.5 m below the water surface in plastic bottles that were cleaned and rinsed with distilled water.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Drinking Water Resources in the Department of Nyan, Province of Logone Oriental in Chad

Nambatingar¹,

Theophile²,

Mianpeureum³

2021

AJAC

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The present research work was carried out in the Department of Nyan, Province of Logone Oriental. It allowed the quantification of heavy metal contents in well, borehole and river water intended for human consumption. Samples from these water sources were collected and submitted for laboratory analysis. Structural quality indicators such as pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen and sulphate ions were measured first. The sample was acidified and the measurement is then performed on the metals, i.e. barium, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, copper, chromium, aluminium, lead, strontium, tin, zirconium and titanium. The results of the quality indicators showed that well and borehole waters have an acidic pH; their average measured values are 5.34±0.24 and 5.48±0.15 respectively. Well water and that of rivers have high turbidity values averaging 43.40±1.21 NTU and 47.56±1.5 NTU respectively. With respect to metals, some have values above the WHO drinking water standards. These include iron, which has high values in well water (7.890±0.016 mg/L) and river water (0.866±0.003 mg/L), manganese in well water (0.093±0.001 mg/L), aluminum in well water (5.614±0.009 mg/L) and river water (1.211±0.008 mg/L). Based on these results, consumption of these water sources would expose communities to mild or chronic health risks.

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“…The Chari and the Logon are the rivers that surround the city of N'Djamena on the southern side and play the role of the receptacle of wastewater, urban and industrial effluents as well as erosion and runoff water [1]. These inputs are a priori a source of various types of pollutants whose dispersion in the environment is of great interest to the scientific community [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination and Potential Risks of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the Chari and Logon Rivers in N’Djamena, Chad

Digué¹,

Tinda²,

Bertrand³

et al. 2023

OJSS

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The pollution of sediments by inorganic pollutants requires particularly important attention because of their toxicity, their persistence in the environment and their bioaccumulation by animal and plant life. The pollution of sediments by inorganic pollutants requires particularly important attention because of their toxicity, their persistence in the environment and their bioaccumulation by animal and plant living beings. This study focuses on the pollution of sediments of the Chari and Logon rivers in the city of N'Djamena by heavy metals. The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of contamination, the geo-accumulation index and the degree of the Pollutant Loading Index of some heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Mn and Cd) and iron in the sediments of the sampled sites. The average concentrations of heavy metals and iron in the sediments are: Pb (10.00 ± 00 µg/Kg to 126 ± 16.52 µg/Kg); Cr VI (0.13 ± 00 mg/Kg to 0.21 ± 00 mg/Kg); Cd (trace); Cu (0.08 ± 0.02 mg/kg to 3.23 ± 0.64 mg/kg); Fe (0.25 ± 0.00 mg/kg to 5.79 ± 0.00 mg/kg); and Mn (0.2 ± 0.00 mg/Kg to 1.1 ± 0.00 mg/Kg); in order of highest to lowest abundance: Fe > Mn > Cd > Cu > Cr VI > Pb for the Logon; Fe > Cu > Mn > Cd > Cr VI > Pb for the Chari and Fe > Mn > Cu > Cd > Cr VI > Pb for the Confluent. The contamination factors for all heavy metals range from no contamination to low contamination for the sediments analyzed. The geo-accumulation indices indicate that the sampled sites are not polluted. The same is true for Er and RI which confirm an absence of ecological risks in the analyzed sediments.

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Heavy Metal Pollution of Chari River Water during the Crossing of N’Djamena (Chad)

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Low-cost colorimetric setup for concentration measurement of manganese ions based on optical absorbance

Low-cost colorimetric setup for concentration measurement of manganese ions based on optical absorbance

Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Drinking Water Resources in the Department of Nyan, Province of Logone Oriental in Chad

Contamination and Potential Risks of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the Chari and Logon Rivers in N’Djamena, Chad

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