Heavy Metal Sources and Their Effects on Human Health

Jyothi, N. Rama

doi:10.5772/intechopen.95370

Cited by 49 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Chromium (Cr) is released into the environment from a diverse range of human and natural sources, particularly, industrial enterprises becoming the main source of release. Metal processing, chromate manufacturing, stainless steel welding, and the manufacture of ferrochrome and chrome pigments are the industries that contribute to the Cr release [29,34]. Both Human and animal allergenicity and carcinogenicity are induced by Cr.…”

Section: Sources Of Heavy Metals and Impacts On The Environment And B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to triggering dermatitis allergies and nasal septum perforations, Cr is also clearly accountable for certain incidences of lung cancer. Some genetic changes occur as a result of Cr exposure, which leads to genetic defects [27,34]. Mercury (Hg) serves as the most hazardous nonessential metal to humans [35].…”

Section: Sources Of Heavy Metals and Impacts On The Environment And B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Copper destroys red blood cells in which can lead to anemia. The liver and kidneys are particularly vulnerable to Cu toxicity and discrepancies in metabolic pathways [34,39]. Zinc (Zn) is a very important mineral for human health, since it plays a key role in the production and control of a wide variety of proteins and enzymes.…”

Section: Sources Of Heavy Metals and Impacts On The Environment And B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposure to Zn-contaminated food and drink can cause an acute gastrointestinal disease indicated by abdominal cramping, diarrhea and vomiting. Exposure to industrial operations such as galvanization often results in the inhalation of fumes containing Zn, resulting in serious respiratory problems [34,40].…”

Section: Sources Of Heavy Metals and Impacts On The Environment And B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytoremediation Potential of Heavy Metals by <i>Cyperus rotundus</i>

Ariyachandra

Alwis

Wimalasiri

2023

RAS

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Growing industrialization and urbanization are seriously polluting the environment with hazardous heavy metals. Heavy metal pollution has caused major consequences on human health and the environment on a global level. Economically effective and environmentally friendly methodologies and technologies are utilized globally to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils and wastewater. Phytoremediation is one of the potential technologies for the in-site treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soil and water. Over 163 plant species with the ability of metal concentration and tolerance have been discovered in the world as possible phytoremediators. Among the plant species used for phytoremediation, Cyprus rotundus is a safe and inexpensive phytoremediation agent that has a high capacity to accumulate heavy metals in its plant parts. This review provides a general overview of the phytoremediation potential of Cyperus rotundus through reviewing relevant originally published research articles. For the study, a literature survey was conducted by using articles from top academic research databases including ScienceDirect, JSTOR, Google Scholar, and PubMed. A total number of 71 originally published articles related to phytoremediation and heavy metal phytoremediation of Cyperus rotundus were selected for the review. According to previous studies, Cyperus rotundus is capable of extracting and accumulating As, Cd, Pb, Rb, Sn, and Zn in its roots and shoots when the soil is highly polluted with the aforementioned heavy metals. Moreover, Cypreus rotundus indicate a considerable value of bioconcentration factors and translocation factors to different heavy metals, whereas it emphasizes the possible remediation of heavy metals through this plant species. Consequently, Cyperus rotundus could be identified as a possible hyperaccumulator and Phytostabilizer for most heavy metals for upcoming phytoremediation studies.

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Section: Sources Of Heavy Metals and Impacts On The Environment And B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Heavy Metals and Impacts On The Environment And B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Heavy Metals and Impacts On The Environment And B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Heavy Metals and Impacts On The Environment And B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Phytoremediation Potential of Heavy Metals by <i>Cyperus rotundus</i>

Ariyachandra

Alwis

Wimalasiri

2023

RAS

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“…Even a few ppm induces hazardous effects on health such as initiation of cancer, hampering of growth, infection of organs, impairing the nervous system and beneficial microbial communities needed for everyday life functioning [18]. Among the most harmful elements are cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic [19]; their toxicity and non-biodegradability have a profound impact on the health of our planet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treated oil shale ash and its capacity to remove Cd and Pb from aqueous solutions

Al-Ayed¹,

El-Hasan²,

Amro³

et al. 2022

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Cadmium (Cd) is the most highly toxic heavy metal even at a trace level. In this study, the oil shale ash treated material was used as an adsorbent to remove cadmium and lead (Pb) metals/ions from aqueous solutions. The absorbent treated oil shale material was characterized prior to experimental work using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The effects of multiple factors on percent metal removal, including contact time, initial ions concentration and pH, are investigated. Results show that the adsorption capacities of Pb and Cd are 29.15 and 23.81 mgg -1 , whereas removal efficiencies are 56% and 48% in 10 minutes, respectively. Removal efficiency and time of equilibrium are affected by the metal atomic weight (Pb 207.2 u and Cd 112.4 u) and pH values. The equilibrium isotherms were analyzed using Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models and described by the Freundlich isotherm model indicating a heterogeneous surface of the adsorbent. The calculated Langmuir adsorption constant and maximum adsorption capacity of adsorbent, K L and q max , are 1.313*10 -2 and 25.25, respectively. The Freundlich adsorption constant K F and the characteristic constant of the Freundlich isotherm n are 0.5234 and 1.39, respectively.

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Impact of heavy metals exposure on herpes simplex virus type I infection: A population‐based cross‐sectional study

Qi,

Zhang,

Wen

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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This study aims to investigate the significant relationship between serum heavy metals (lead [Pb], cadmium [Cd], mercury [Hg]) and the risk of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) infection. Data were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in the United States from 2007 to 2016. This nationally representative survey, conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics, assessed the health status of participants through interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. After excluding participants lacking serum Pb, Cd, and Hg data, as well as those missing HSV‐1 testing data and pregnant women, the analysis included 13 772 participants, among whom 3363 were adolescents. A survey‐weighted multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between heavy metal exposure and the risk of HSV‐1 infection, and to explore the dose–response relationship between them. In adults and adolescents, serum concentrations of Pb and Cd were higher in those infected with HSV‐1 than in those not infected. However, an increase in serum Hg concentration was observed only in infected adolescents. After adjusting for potential confounders, elevated serum Pb and Cd concentrations in adults were associated with an increased risk of HSV‐1 infection. Higher serum Pb and Cd concentrations were associated with an increased risk of HSV‐2 infection, irrespective of HSV‐1 infection status. In adults, serum concentrations of Pb and Hg showed an approximately linear relationship with HSV‐1 infection risk (p for nonlinearity > 0.05), whereas the dose–response relationship between serum Cd concentration and HSV‐1 infection was nonlinear (p for nonlinearity = 0.004). In adolescents, serum concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg) showed an approximately linear relationship with HSV‐1 infection (p for nonlinearity > 0.05). Furthermore, the study examined the relationship between serum heavy metal levels and the risk of HSV‐1 infection across different genders, races, income levels, weight statuses, and immune statuses. In conclusion, there is a significant association between serum heavy metal concentrations and HSV‐1 infection, which warrants further investigation into the causal relationship between them.

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Heavy Metal Sources and Their Effects on Human Health

Cited by 49 publications

References 27 publications

Phytoremediation Potential of Heavy Metals by <i>Cyperus rotundus</i>

Phytoremediation Potential of Heavy Metals by <i>Cyperus rotundus</i>

Treated oil shale ash and its capacity to remove Cd and Pb from aqueous solutions

Impact of heavy metals exposure on herpes simplex virus type I infection: A population‐based cross‐sectional study

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