Heavy metals in soils around non-ferrous smelteries in China: Status, health risks and control measures

Jiang, Zhichao; Guo, Zhaohui; Peng, Chi; Liu, Xu; Zhou, Ziruo; Xiao, Xiyuan

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117038

Cited by 117 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The geo-accumulation index (I geo ) is commonly used to evaluate the accumulation level of heavy metals in soil and dust [26,27]. The calculation equation is as follows:…”

Section: Evaluation Of Heavy Metal Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil and Street Dust with Different Land Uses, a Case in Changsha, China

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to the accumulation of heavy metals in urban areas. The distribution and health risk of heavy metals in soil and street dust were studied by collecting the samples in pairs from different land uses in Changsha, China. The results showed that the average contents of the heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni in the soil were 45.3, 0.69, 46.3, 220.4, 128.7 and 32.9 mg·kg−1, and the corresponding heavy metal contents in the street dust were 130.1, 3.9, 130.8, 667.2, 223.2, 50.5 mg·kg−1, respectively. The soils in the parks and roadsides have higher heavy metal contents than those in the residential and agricultural areas. The street dust collected from parks, roadsides and residential areas contained higher heavy metal contents than agricultural areas. Significant correlations were found between heavy metals, suggesting similar sources. However, most of the heavy metals in the soil were uncorrelated with those in the street dust. The contents of heavy metals in soil are the results of long-term pollution. Street dust is easily affected by natural or human disturbances, reflecting pollution emissions in a short period. The health risks posed by heavy metals in the soil are acceptable, but the street dust may threaten children’s health, especially in residential areas. Pb, Cr and Cd are the main risk contributors. Reducing the emissions from industrial plants and traffic may reduce the risk of exposure to heavy metals in the street dust.

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“…The geo-accumulation index (I geo ) is commonly used to evaluate the accumulation level of heavy metals in soil and dust [26,27]. The calculation equation is as follows:…”

Section: Evaluation Of Heavy Metal Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil and Street Dust with Different Land Uses, a Case in Changsha, China

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…In China, around 82% of the polluted farming soils include toxic inorganic contaminants, including Pb, Cd, Cr, and As [ 40 ]. Prerequisites for soil pollution precluding and control include understanding the factors of heavy metal pollution in soil and the recognition of environmental exposure hazards [ 41 ] and give significant knowledge when forming judgments about remediating polluted soils [ 7 ]. The earlier we create and performed measures to prevent or reduce this type of contamination [ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prerequisites for soil pollution precluding and control include understanding the factors of heavy metal pollution in soil and the recognition of environmental exposure hazards [ 41 ] and give significant knowledge when forming judgments about remediating polluted soils [ 7 ]. The earlier we create and performed measures to prevent or reduce this type of contamination [ 41 ]. The prevention of soils contaminated by heavy metals is necessary to control sources and advance polluted soils’ remediation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Heavy Metals Pollution in the Soil of Smelting Sites in China

Adnan

Xiao

et al. 2022

Toxics

103

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Contamination by heavy metals is a significant issue worldwide. In recent decades, soil heavy metals pollutants in China had adverse impacts on soil quality and threatened food security and human health. Anthropogenic inputs mainly generate heavy metal contamination in China. In this review, the approaches were used in these investigations, focusing on geochemical strategies and metal isotope methods, particularly useful for determining the pathway of mining and smelting derived pollution in the soil. Our findings indicate that heavy metal distribution substantially impacts topsoils around mining and smelting sites, which release massive amounts of heavy metals into the environment. Furthermore, heavy metal contamination and related hazards posed by Pb, Cd, As, and Hg are more severe to plants, soil organisms, and humans. It’s worth observing that kids are particularly vulnerable to Pb toxicity. And this review also provides novel approaches to control and reduce the impacts of heavy metal pollution. Hydrometallurgy offers a potential method for extracting metals and removing potentially harmful heavy metals from waste to reduce pollution. However, environmentally friendly remediation of contaminated sites is a significant challenge. This paper also evaluates current technological advancements in the remediation of polluted soil, such as stabilization/solidification, natural attenuation, electrokinetic remediation, soil washing, and phytoremediation. The ability of biological approaches, especially phytoremediation, is cost-effective and favorable to the environment.

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“…The arithmetic average and median of Pb concentration in the soil samples (n = 1384, mostly top layer 0-20 cm) around 43 sites were 1536 and 257 mg/kg respectively, while the Pb levels varied from 33.1 to 20,185 mg/kg. The Pb concentrations decreased with the increase of sampling radius from 0.2, 2 to >2 km [10]. The legacy Pb contamination in surface soils from the urban area surrounding Pasminco Cockle Creek Smelter in Boolaroo (New South Wales, Australia) was examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment of Lead in Soils from an Historic Industrial Site in North-East England

Dean

2022

Separations

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The former St. Antony’s Lead Works site, now the central part of an urban recreational park (Walker Riverside Park) in the east end of Newcastle upon Tyne (England, UK), has been assessed based on the Pb concentration in topsoil according to recently derived Category 4 Screening Level (C4SL) for public open space–park (POSpark, 1300 mg/kg). The site was divided into eight sampling areas following its physical layout. In total 79 soil samples were collected, characterised for acidity and organic matter content, and analysed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF). The Pb levels in most of the samples, particularly those from the fringes of the site, are below the generic guideline value (down to 70 mg/kg). More than 16% of the samples from nearly all sampling areas, especially those sampling points around the former horizontal condenser flue and main chimney, contain levels of Pb significantly exceeding the limit (up to 206,000 mg/kg). No correlation is found between the Pb concentration in soil samples and their acidity (mostly neutral, pH 7.0 ± 0.5) or organic matter content (15.5 ± 4.1%). Using the Contaminated Land Exposure Assessment (CLEA) model (version 1.071), the site-specific risk assessment criteria (SSAC) for Lead (C4SL child), 2862 mg/kg, is obtained based on adjusted exposure frequency and occupancy period. Nearly 9% of the individual sample Pb concentrations (n = 79) across sample locations B, C, D and H are still above the specific value. Further statistical evaluation based on 95% upper confidence limit confirms that the site still represents a potential human health risk. This is because Pb concentrations, from two areas in the centre of the site (sample locations B and C), are greatly over the SSAC specific threshold (sample mean at location B is 12,350 mg/kg and at location C is 11,745 mg/kg).

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Heavy metals in soils around non-ferrous smelteries in China: Status, health risks and control measures

Cited by 117 publications

References 50 publications

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil and Street Dust with Different Land Uses, a Case in Changsha, China

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil and Street Dust with Different Land Uses, a Case in Changsha, China

Research Progress on Heavy Metals Pollution in the Soil of Smelting Sites in China

Health Risk Assessment of Lead in Soils from an Historic Industrial Site in North-East England

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