Heavy minerals as provenance indicator in glaciogenic successions: An example from the Palaeozoic of Ethiopia

Lewin, Anna; Meinhold, Guido; Hinderer, Matthias; Dawit, Enkurie L.; Bussert, Robert; Lünsdorf, Nils Keno

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.103813

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Carboniferous-Permian glaciogenic sandstones from Detrital zircon provenance study from Saudi Arabia Ethiopia and Saudi Arabia show a similar sediment composition, i.e. being feldspar-bearing and containing unstable heavy minerals (Bassis et al 2016a, b;Lewin et al 2018Lewin et al , 2020b. The detritus of the Carboniferous-Permian glaciogenic sandstones of Ethiopia was probably derived from the south, i.e.…”

Section: B2 Comparison Of Samples From Saudi Arabia With Those Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrital zircon provenance of north Gondwana Palaeozoic sandstones from Saudi Arabia

et al. 2020

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We present the first comprehensive detrital zircon U–Pb age dataset from Palaeozoic sandstones of Saudi Arabia, which provides new insights into the erosion history of the East African Orogen and sediment recycling in northern Gondwana. Five main age populations are present in varying amounts in the zircon age spectra, with age peaks at ~625 Ma, ~775 Ma, ~980 Ma, ~1840 Ma and ~2480 Ma. Mainly igneous rocks of the Arabian–Nubian Shield are suggested to be the most prominent sources for the Ediacaran to middle Tonian zircon grains. Palaeoproterozoic and Archaean grains may be xenocrystic zircons or they have been recycled from older terrigenous sediment. A primary derivation from Palaeoproterozoic and Archaean basement is also possible, as rocks of such age occur in the vicinity. Approximately 4 % of the detrital zircons show Palaeozoic (340–541 Ma) ages. These grains are likely derived from Palaeozoic post-orogenic and anorogenic igneous rocks of NE Africa and Arabia. A few single grains gave up to Eoarchaean (3.6–4.0 Ga) ages, which are the oldest zircons yet described from Arabia and its vicinity. Their origin, however, is yet unknown. Detrital zircons with U–Pb ages of ~1.0 Ga are present in varying amounts in all of the samples and are a feature of terrigenous sediment belonging to the Gondwana super-fan system with an East African – Arabian zircon province.

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Section: B2 Comparison Of Samples From Saudi Arabia With Those Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrital zircon provenance of north Gondwana Palaeozoic sandstones from Saudi Arabia

et al. 2020

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“…25 000 km 2 . These sampling sites were lithostratigraphically correlated by considering sedimentological properties of the five units at the Fincha section described in Dawit (2014) Lewin et al (2018Lewin et al ( , 2020.…”

Section: Samples and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then the material was separated by wet-sieving with a mechanical shaker to get <63 μm, 63-125 μm, 125-250 μm, and 250-500 μm grain size fractions. In order to achieve comparability with previous studies on the older strata in the Blue Nile basin (Lewin et al, 2020), we selected the 63-125 μm fraction for the analysis. The selected samples were treated with acetic acid (10 %) and Na-dithionite solution (Andò, 2020) to remove carbonate cement and iron oxides, respectively.…”

Section: Heavy Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to investigate these links, our approach comprises a detailed multi-proxy provenance investigation on sandstones from before, around and after the PTB, and a comparison with Palaeozoic sandstones in the same area that were deposited under glacial conditions with presumably less pronounced influence of chemical weathering (Lewin et al, 2018(Lewin et al, , 2020. The overarching hypothesis is that changes in the continental chemical weathering rates or regime should be reflected in the composition of terrestrial sandstones, e.g.…”

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The Permian-Triassic transition in the Blue Nile Basin: insights from petrography and geochemistry of sandstones

Mansouri

Stütenbecker

Hinderer

et al. 2022

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Abstract. The Permian-Triassic transition was a time of climatic, tectonic as well as ecologic reorganizations at a global scale. Clastic sedimentary successions are a key archive to study the response of earth surface processes to such extensive disruptions on land. Here, we focus on the so-called Fincha Sandstone, a Karoo-equivalent fluvio- to lacustrine succession of Permian to Triassic age, deposited in the Blue Nile Basin of central Ethiopia. We use thin-section petrography, bulk-rock geochemistry, and heavy mineral spectra in order to decipher source rocks, as well as the possible contribution of chemical weathering and recycling. The results show distinct difference between Early Permian and Late Permian to Late Triassic sandstones. Petrographically, the Early Permian sandstones are rich in feldspar, and unstable heavy minerals like apatite and garnet. The average chemical index of alteration, trace, and rare earth element concentrations suggest little chemical weathering and relative proximity to the source area. This was controlled by a high topography, alluvial and braided systems and a semiarid climate. In contrast, the Late Permian and Late Triassic sandstones are quartzose, have a lower content of feldspar, and show ultra-stable heavy mineral assemblages rich in zircon, rutile, and tourmaline. The chemical index of alteration is around 80 to 90 %. This can be explained by a combination of recycling of mature platform sediments together with a humid climate reflected in deltaic-lacustrine deposits. Most probably, a corrosive environment around the Permian-Triassic Boundary has further fostered high sediment maturity. In the Middle to Late Triassic, sandstones become gradually immature again, marked by a significant increase in lithoclasts and metamorphic heavy minerals such as garnet. This trend is less visible in geochemical data because lithoclasts are fine-grained quartzose and derive from low metamorphic terrains typical for the basement of the Arabian Nubian Shield. This makes the onset of axial, NW-SE directed sediment transport through the Blue Nile Rift Basin most probable.

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“…Heavy‐mineral assemblage plays a crucial role in identification of source areas (e.g., Azizi et al, 2018; Bónová, Mikuš, & Bóna, 2018; Chaudhuri, Banerjee, Prabhakar, & Das, 2020; Garzanti & Andò, 2019; Garzanti, Andò, & Vezzoli, 2006; Lewin et al, 2020; Mange & Wright, 2007). It can provide valuable information on reconstruction of the transport history (Armstrong‐Altrin, 2020; Armstrong‐Altrin, Ramos‐Vázquez, Hermenegildo‐Ruiz, & Madhavaraju, 2020; Makuluni, Kirkland, & Barham, 2019), and it is also a very useful tool for palaeoclimate reconstructions (Derkachev & Nikolaeva, 2013; Garzanti et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourmaline and rutile geochemistry in the Early–Middle Devonian sandstones of the Padeha Formation, Alborz Range, Northern Iran

et al. 2021

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The provenance of Devonian sandstones of the Padeha Formation (Fm.), Eastern Alborz in Iran, has been investigated by standard heavy‐mineral analysis and tourmaline and rutile geochemistry. Heavy‐mineral assemblage is dominated by the ultra‐stable tourmaline, zircon, and rutile, while unstable species are completely absent. The Padeha Fm. sandstones show a very high value of zircon‐tourmaline‐rutile index signalizing either strong weathering in source area(s) or their recycled origin in older Early Palaeozoic formations. Detrital tourmaline shows predominantly dravitic, lesser Mg‐foititic, and uvitic compositions and metasedimentary origin. Metapelitic source is also indicated by rutile geochemistry. Temperature estimates according to Zr‐in‐rutile thermometry show a wide range from 519 to 872°C and indicate the presence of low‐ to upper‐amphibolite and granulite facies metapelitic rocks. Based on chemical composition of detrital tourmaline and rutile, we inferred that the crystalline basement rocks of the Arabian–Nubian Shield were potential primary sources for the Padeha Fm. deposits. Shape of tourmaline and rutile as well as their microtexture surface features indicate long‐distance transport, storage, and recycled history.

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Heavy minerals as provenance indicator in glaciogenic successions: An example from the Palaeozoic of Ethiopia

Cited by 10 publications

References 60 publications

Detrital zircon provenance of north Gondwana Palaeozoic sandstones from Saudi Arabia

Detrital zircon provenance of north Gondwana Palaeozoic sandstones from Saudi Arabia

The Permian-Triassic transition in the Blue Nile Basin: insights from petrography and geochemistry of sandstones

Tourmaline and rutile geochemistry in the Early–Middle Devonian sandstones of the Padeha Formation, Alborz Range, Northern Iran

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