Heavy Oil Transportation by Pipeline

Gerez, John M.; Pick, Archie R.

doi:10.1115/ipc1996-1875

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Naphtha are very efficient in diluting heavy oil due to their high API density. Naphtha also has good compatibility with asphaltenes thus avoiding any flow assurance issues (Todd, 1988;Gerez and Pick, 1996). Such drag reducing additives are effective to decrease the pressure drop across a length of conduit and likewise reduce the energy required to transport the liquid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Performance of Toluene and Naphtha as Viscosity and Drag Reducing Solvents for the Pipeline Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil

Faris

Sami

Abdulrazak

et al. 2015

Petroleum Science and Technology

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Heavy crude oil shows high viscosity combined with low mobility, which affects the efficient transportation through pipelines. Drag has long been identified as the main reason for the loss of energy in pipeline fluid transmission and other similar transportation channels. The main contributor to this drag is the viscosity as well as friction against pipe walls, which will result in more pumping power consumption. Various methods such as heating, upgrading, dilution, core annular flow, and emulsification in water have been used for their transportation. The influence of toluene and naphtha as a viscosity and drag reducing solvent on flow of Iraqi crude oil in pipelines was investigated in the present work. The effect of additive type, concentration, pipe diameter, solution flow rate, and heating on the percentage of drag reduction (%Dr) and percentage flow increase (%FI) were the variables of study. The maximum drag reduction was observed to be 40.48% and 34.32% using heavy oil flowing in pipeline diameter of 0.0508 m I.D. at 27 • C containing 10 wt% naphtha and toluene, respectively. Also, the dimensional analysis is used for grouping the significant quantities into dimension less group to reduce the number of variables.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Performance of Toluene and Naphtha as Viscosity and Drag Reducing Solvents for the Pipeline Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil

Faris

Sami

Abdulrazak

et al. 2015

Petroleum Science and Technology

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“…The most relevant parameters in pipeline transportation of heavy crude oil are velocity, viscosity, temperature, density, and pour point [15]. Heavy crude can be transported on trunk systems in a variety of modes, including segregation, blending, and batching.…”

Section: Heavy Crudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport

2015

Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids

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“…As viscosity decreases very rapidly with increasing temperature, heating is an attractive method for improving the flow properties of heavy crude oils. It is always cited as a possible process to reduce the viscosity of heavy oils [2][3][4][5][6]. A famous example is the Alyeska pipeline in Alaska which transports crude oil at approximately 50°C.…”

Section: Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of viscosities of heavy crude oils and bitumen by conversion to oil-in-water emulsions, adapted from[2].…”

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confidence: 99%

Pipeline Transportation of Heavy Oils, a Strategic, Economic and Technological Challenge

Saniere

Hénaut

Argillier

2004

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

225

149

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Transport en conduite des bruts lourds, un défi stratégique, économique et technologique-En raison de réserves très abondantes situées principalement au Venezuela et au Canada, les bruts lourds représentent une abondante source d'énergie. Ils permettraient, en effet, non seulement de répondre aux besoins énergétiques qui ne cessent de croître mais aussi de diversifier les sources d'approvisionnement. Le présent article s'attache à établir un panorama géographique complet de ces produits et à répertorier les récents projets de production les concernant. Le succès de ces projets relève d'importants défis techniques tant au niveau du réservoir que du transport et du raffinage. Cet article traite particulièrement du transport. Les différentes techniques possibles sont décrites : le chauffage, la dilution, la mise en émulsion, la valorisation sur champ et la lubrification pariétale. Afin d'améliorer ces techniques, une étude expérimentale reliant les propriétés structurelles et rhéologiques des bruts lourds a été menée pour comprendre l'origine de la forte viscosité et y remédier.

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Heavy Oil Transportation by Pipeline

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

The Performance of Toluene and Naphtha as Viscosity and Drag Reducing Solvents for the Pipeline Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil

The Performance of Toluene and Naphtha as Viscosity and Drag Reducing Solvents for the Pipeline Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil

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Pipeline Transportation of Heavy Oils, a Strategic, Economic and Technological Challenge

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