Height and Weight at Menarche and a Hypothesis of Critical Body Weights and Adolescent Events

Frisch, Rose E.; Revelle, Roger

doi:10.1126/science.169.3943.397

Cited by 632 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In particular, increased body size and/or childhood obesity could lead to both an earlier onset of puberty (e.g. Frisch & Revelle, 1970) and some forms of disordered eating in adults, as being overweight in childhood is a documented risk factor for bulimia nervosa (Haines & Neumark-Sztainer, 2006). However, recent prospective studies show that adult BMI is explained solely by prepubertal body mass rather than by early menarche (Must et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An association of early puberty with disordered eating and anxiety in a population of undergraduate women and men

Zehr

Culbert

Sisk

et al. 2007

Hormones and Behavior

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Eating and anxiety disorders are more prevalent in females, increase during adolescence, and are associated with early pubertal development. This study examined whether timing of puberty onset is associated with disordered eating and anxiety in a large sample of post-pubertal male and female undergraduate students. Self-report questionnaires assessed timing of puberty, disordered eating, anxiety, alcohol use, personality, and sensation seeking. Females scored significantly higher on measures of disordered eating (binge eating, dietary restraint, eating concerns, and weight and shape concerns) and anxiety (state and trait anxiety) than did males. In addition, early maturing women and men scored significantly higher on measures of disordered eating and anxiety than on-time or late maturing women and men. Measures of alcohol use, sensation seeking, and personality characteristics differed in males and females but did not vary with pubertal timing. Findings suggest that early puberty is associated with disordered eating and anxiety, and this association may be due to an organizational effect of pubertal hormones. Despite important differences in body fat composition, both males and females experiencing early puberty had an increased incidence of disordered eating. The fact that early puberty was associated with increased eating and anxiety symptoms in both sexes suggests that puberty may influence these symptoms through both biological and psychosocial mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An association of early puberty with disordered eating and anxiety in a population of undergraduate women and men

Zehr

Culbert

Sisk

et al. 2007

Hormones and Behavior

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“…In rodents (Merry and Holehan, 1979), sheep (Foster and Olster, 1985) and cattle (Schillo, 1992) energy deficiency retards growth and delays the onset of puberty. Several lines of evidence from earlier investigations suggested that critical BW (Frisch and Revelle, 1970) or critical body composition (Frisch et al, 1977) somehow initiates puberty in mammals. Suttie et al (1991) indicated that BW and body fatness are a consequence of, or correlate, metabolic changes occurring before and around the onset of puberty, and proposed that blood-borne substances, which may be metabolites, hormones or a combination, affect the reproductive system and initiate puberty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition level and season of birth do not modify puberty of Payoya goat kids

Zarazaga

Guzmán

Domínguez

et al. 2009

Animal

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This study analysed the effect of level of nutrition and date of birth (age) on the onset of puberty in Payoya she-kids born in autumn (November) or in winter (February). Two experiments were conducted to examine pubertal events at the onset of puberty. For each date of birth (age), two experimental groups were used, differing on the level of nutrition. Groups were balanced for live weight (LW) and body condition score (BCS). For the first experiment (goat kids born in autumn), 27 Payoya she-kids were used: high-nutrition group (H1, n513) and control group (C1, n514). For the second experiment (goat kids born in winter), 25 Payoya she-kids were used: high-nutrition group (H2, n513) and control group (C2, n512). In both experiments, the level of feeding was adjusted weekly according to LW so that the animals would gain about 50 and 100 g per day for C and H groups, respectively. Oestrus was tested daily using young aproned bucks. Ovulation rate was assessed by laparoscopy 7 days after identification of oestrus. Plasma samples were obtained weekly for progesterone assay. LW and BCS were recorded weekly. No effect of nutrition level or birth date (Experiment 1 v. 2) on the date of the first ovarian activity or the first detected oestrus was observed. No effect of nutrition on LW or BCS at the first detected oestrus was observed. Birth date influenced significantly the LW of the animals at the onset of ovarian activity or first oestrus (P,0.001). Irregular sexual activity was frequently observed before the first oestrus (74.7% and 48.0% of the first reproductive activity was irregular for Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). No effect of nutrition level or birth date on ovulation rate was observed. Ovulation rate at first oestrus was influenced by LW in November-born goat kids (1.0660.06 v. 1.6760.21 corpora lutea for LW,30 and >30 kg, respectively, P,0.01). These results demonstrate that the age at puberty was very dependent upon the season of birth in Payoya goat kids, and that there could be some benefit in breeding November-born goat kids at a higher LW to obtain a higher prolificacy at the first kidding as a consequence of a higher ovulation rate at puberty

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“…1,2 Early menarche, an indicator of rapid biological maturation, is invariably associated with increased body fatness, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] although there seems to be no threshold level of fatness required for the onset of menarche, 9 as previously envisioned. 10 Further, a link between body fatness and the hormonal changes that lead to the onset of menarche has been implicated. [11][12][13][14][15][16] However, the temporal direction of this relationship remains uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal changes in risk variables underlying metabolic Syndrome X from childhood to young adulthood in female subjects with a history of early menarche: The Bogalusa Heart Study

2003

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OBJECTIVES:To examine the longitudinal changes in adiposity and related risk variables of Syndrome X from childhood to young adulthood with respect to early onset of menarche. DESIGN: Community-based longitudinal cohort of female subject (65% white, 35% blacks subjects) who participated in two or more surveys from childhood to young adulthood and had reported their menarcheal age (o12 y, n ¼ 437 vs Z12 y, n ¼ 1042). RESULTS: In childhood (5-11 y), adolescence (12-18 y), and young adulthood (19-37 y), females with early menarche displayed significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and triceps skinfold thickness; higher stature in childhood and adolescence; higher fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in childhood and adulthood; and higher fasting glucose in adulthood. Blood pressure and lipoprotein variables showed no early menarche-related differences. Longitudinal rates of change in BMI (P ¼ 0.002), triceps skinfold thickness (P ¼ 0.05), insulin (P ¼ 0.09), and HOMA-IR (P ¼ 0.05) were positive and faster among female subjects with early menarche; fasting glucose decreased slowly in this group (P ¼ 0.006). In a multivariate analysis, body fatness and insulin related independently to early menarche (Po0.001). This association was stronger in white subjects (P ¼ 0.0008). In adulthood, the prevalence of clustering of three to four risk factors of syndrome X (highest quartile of: (1) BMI, (2) fasting insulin, (3) systolic or mean arterial pressure, and (4) total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol or triglycerides to HDL cholesterol ratio specific for age, race, and study year) was higher among those with early menarche (10.7 vs 6.2%, P ¼ 0.002). The odds for developing such clustering in adulthood among those with early menarche was 1.54 (95% CI ¼ 1.14-2.07), regardless of race. CONCLUSION: Early menarche is characterized by excess body fatness and insulin beginning in early childhood and higher prevalence of clustering of adverse levels of risk variables of metabolic Syndrome X in young adulthood.

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Height and Weight at Menarche and a Hypothesis of Critical Body Weights and Adolescent Events

Cited by 632 publications

References 11 publications

An association of early puberty with disordered eating and anxiety in a population of undergraduate women and men

An association of early puberty with disordered eating and anxiety in a population of undergraduate women and men

Nutrition level and season of birth do not modify puberty of Payoya goat kids

Longitudinal changes in risk variables underlying metabolic Syndrome X from childhood to young adulthood in female subjects with a history of early menarche: The Bogalusa Heart Study

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