Heightened risk of H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza

Hall, Simon R.; Voas, Sheila; Glossop, Christianne; Huey, Robert

doi:10.1136/vr.i6414

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The results of our study showed the presence of heterotypic Abs in 27.0% of elderly people before seasonal vaccination, and later these Abs were present in 77.0% of vaccinated people. European countries have suffered virologically-confirmed AIV outbreaks in wild birds and poultry since the last decade [ 18 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 46 ], and currently these viruses are still circulating. Thus, it is important to explore the prevalence of Abs of different European populations against AIV, as well as the utility of seasonal vaccines to trigger a heterotypic response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been documented that other AIV outbreaks in birds has occurred in others areas, such as Europe [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. During 2016 and 2017, several outbreaks caused by the A/H5N8 subtype occurred in different European countries in wild birds and poultry [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. During January of 2017, the first two cases of A/H5N8 infection in Spain were detected, causing the death of two wild geese in a lagoon of the northern region of Castile and Leon [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterologous Humoral Response against H5N1, H7N3, and H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses after Seasonal Vaccination in a European Elderly Population

et al. 2017

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Avian influenza viruses are currently one of the main threats to human health in the world. Although there are some screening reports of antibodies against these viruses in humans from Western countries, most of these types of studies are conducted in poultry and market workers of Asian populations. The presence of antibodies against avian influenza viruses was evaluated in an elderly European population. An experimental study was conducted, including pre- and post-vaccine serum samples obtained from 174 elderly people vaccinated with seasonal influenza vaccines of 2006–2007, 2008–2009, 2009–2010, and 2010–2011 Northern Hemisphere vaccine campaigns. The presence of antibodies against A/H5N1, A/H7N3, and A/H9N2 avian influenza viruses were tested by using haemaglutination inhibition assays. Globally, heterotypic antibodies were found before vaccination in 2.9% of individuals against A/H5N1, 1.2% against A/H7N3, and 25.9% against A/H9N2. These pre-vaccination antibodies were present at titers ≥1/40 in 1.1% of individuals against A/H5N1, in 1.1% against H7N3, and in 0.6% against the A/H9N2 subtype. One 76 year-old male showed pre-vaccine antibodies (Abs) against those three avian influenza viruses, and another three individuals presented Abs against two different viruses. Seasonal influenza vaccination induced a significant number of heterotypic seroconversions against A/H5N1 (14.4%) and A/H9N2 (10.9%) viruses, but only one seroconversion was observed against the A/H7N3 subtype. After vaccination, four individuals showed Abs titers ≥1/40 against those three avian viruses, and 55 individuals against both A/H5N1 and A/H9N2. Seasonal vaccination is able to induce some weak heterotypic responses to viruses of avian origin in elderly individuals with no previous exposure to them. However, this response did not accomplish the European Medicament Agency criteria for influenza vaccine efficacy. The results of this study show that seasonal vaccines induce a broad response of heterotypic antibodies against avian influenza viruses, albeit at a low level.

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