Helena Augusta

The Imperial Cult in the Latin West, Volume III: Provincial Cult. Part 1: Institution and Evolution

“…137 In what way, in that case, was everyone's wealth being consumed? So far as we know, no provincial cult was supported by a contribution paid on a regular basis before the introduction of the stips annua in Tres Galliae, probably under Vespasian.…”

“…In any event it is difficult to imagine that the provincial assembly would have allowed the local ordo of Carales to "adlect" Crescens as either sacerdos or sacerdotalis of the province 137. In light of this difficulty it may be suggested that previous commentators, notably Hirschfeld and Kornemann, have misunderstood the syntax of the Cornus text.…”

“…On the convincing interpretation of G. Di Vita-Evrard, he was rather patrono municipi d. d. cooptato, et adlecto in quinque decurias, et inter sa[c]erdotales prov(inciae) Sard(iniae) 137. Kornemann, o.c.…”

“…A glance at the text shows that Tacitus is referring to one of the causes of the British revolt 137. Vol.…”

The Gender of Money: Byzantine Empresses on Coins (324–802)

“…32 Both of these roles pay tribute to Helena's lasting (and, indeed, growing) prestige, which itself inspired, and was significantly augmented by, the legend of her discovery of the True Cross that surfaced in the 390s. 33 Allusions to Constantinian symbolism were continued in later empress coins issued for various female members of the Theodosian house, most notably Pulcheria, sister of Theodosios II and augusta from 414 until her death in 453, who took particular care to associate herself with Helena. 34 Pulcheria's campaign is evident in many media, one of which is the coinage minted in her name.…”