Helical Computed Tomographic Portography in Ten Normal Dogs and Ten Dogs With a Portosystemic Shunt

Frank, Paul; Mahaffey, Mary B.; Egger, Christine; Cornell, Karen K.

doi:10.1111/j.1740-8261.2003.tb00475.x

Cited by 70 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar to the work of Frank et al (4) and Teixeira et al (11), an anatomic helical CT study of the liver was performed in clinically normal animals in order to create data for its normal helical CT features. The bone markers used for visualization of the rabbit liver were the same thoracic and lumbar vertebra used by Frank et al (4) for dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Helical computed tomography application in rabbit liver anatomy: comparison with frozen cross-sectional cuts

Yovcheva¹,

Dimitrov²,

Toneva³

et al. 2013

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our focus has been to study and compare the anatomical helical computed tomography (CT) features of the normal rabbit liver with its native cross-sectional anatomy. Helical CT was used for scanning the cranial part of the abdominal cavity. The slice thickness was 5 mm. Frozen transversal anatomic cross-sections with a thickness of 10 mm were obtained from the cranial abdominal part of 4 animals following euthanasia. They were compared with the corresponding helical CT scans. At Th9 (thoracic vertebra), the helical CT images showed in the whole aspect a normal liver. It was a massive, heterogeneous, soft tissue, with normal attenuating findings and distinguished edges. The gallbladder was hypoattenuated compared to the liver parenchyma. At the level of Th11 the liver was in sharp distinction to the fundus and body of the stomach. At Th12 the rabbit liver was found in close contact with the stomach, duodenum, and ascending colon. Only the right hepatic lobe was visible at the level of Th13, outlined by the right kidney impression. The right hepatic and caudate lobe were observed at L1 (lumbar vertebra). The frozen cross-sections have analogues to the corresponding helical CT images. That motivated us to conclude that helical CT is an accurate mode for studying the rabbit liver anatomy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frank et al (4) performed a helical anatomic CT study of the liver and portal system in clinically normal dogs in order to create a base for normal imaging features of this organ. This particular technique could help in surgical interventions tremendously, with a decrease of time and degree of necessary invasive dissections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helical computed tomography application in rabbit liver anatomy: comparison with frozen cross-sectional cuts

Yovcheva¹,

Dimitrov²,

Toneva³

et al. 2013

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The optimal time for imaging the portal vein is 90 seconds or more after the injection of the contrast agent, which suffices for auxiliary staff to leave the room before the scan itself (FRANK et al, 2003). HARDER et al (2002) used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to display the blind ending of the caudal vena cava at the level of the right kidney with dilated blood vessels of this region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional multislice helical computed tomography in the diagnostics of vena azygos connection to the caudal vena cava in a dog - a case report

Šehić¹,

Kiš²,

Vnuk³

et al. 2017

Vet. arhiv

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

H. CAPAK: Three-dimensional multislice helical computed tomography in the diagnostics of vena azygos connection to the caudal vena cava in a dog -a case report. Vet. arhiv 87, 631-639, 2017. ABSTRACTIn a four-year old Australian Cattle Dog bitch, CT angiography of the communication of the azygos vein with the interrupted caudal vena cava, without portocaval shunting is described. The communication of the azygos vein with the discontinued caudal vena cava is usually an incidental finding which does not appear with portocaval shunting. CT angiography and 3D multiplanar reconstruction (MIP and VR) enable us to distinguish the processes regarding the direction and size of anomalies of the blood vessels. By means of imaging in two basic projections using the velocity ratio (VR) a significant enlargement and the communication of the caudal vena cava with a significantly enlarged azygos vein and its connection with the cranial vena cava is shown.

show abstract

“…A higher iodine delivery rate might be advantageous for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which receives blood supply from the hepatic artery during the arterial phase and cannot be detected in the portal/delay phase in which the contrast medium is distributed in both the HCC and normal hepatic parenchyma. It has been reported that faster injection is better to distinguish between arterial and portal/delay phases [1,4]. Therefore, a high iodine delivery rate might be more suitable for the detection of HCC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, a lower iodine delivery rate obtained by slow injection of the contrast medium might be considered less invasive for patients and therefore advantageous. Further, it has been reported that a slower injection rate would result in increased persistence of enhancement [4]. Some CT units still require a long scanning time, and do not scan at an adequate scanning speed within the duration of contrast enhancement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison Between Injection Speed and Iodine Delivery Rate in Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) for Normal Beagles

Tateishi

Kishimoto

Shimizu

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study was to compare between the injection speed and iodine delivery rate in order to establish a concept for reproducible contrast timing in contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for small animals. Clinically healthy beagle dogs were administered a nonionic iodinate contrast medium at a dose of 800 mgI/kg; they were divided into 3 groups (n=5, crossover method): in one group, the injection speed was fixed at 1.0 ml/sec, and in the second and third groups, the iodine delivery rate was fixed (the injection durations were 30 and 60 sec, respectively). The variation in scatter of the time to aortic and hepatic peak enhancement in the fixed iodine delivery groups was lower than that in the fixed injection speed group. These results suggest that in contrast-enhanced CT for small animals, the contrast medium should be injected at a fixed iodine delivery rate in order to provide reproducible contrast timing. KEY WORDS: canine, contrast medium, CT, injection speed, iodine delivery rate.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 70(10): 1027-1030, 2008 Computed tomography (CT) was first introduced in veterinary medicine in the 1980s [3]. The performance of CT improved thereafter, with a shorter scan time and better imaging quality, and CT is now one of the most valuable diagnostic tools, especially for oncological diseases [7]. In abdominal CT, contrast examination is quite important, since it differentiates between abnormal masses and normal tissue by indicating blood flow or vascular permeability, thereby providing diagnostic information. In human medicine, contrast studies with abdominal CT are considered useful in more than 95% cases for the diagnosis of mass lesions [6].The iodine concentration decreases soon after injection of intravenous contrast medium, because it is diluted in the vessels, distributed in the entire body, and excreted from the kidneys. Thus, the contrast effect is influenced by the time of scanning in that an optimal scan timing provides the greatest contrast enhancement. While a detailed contrastenhanced CT protocol is well established in human medicine, there are very few standards for the contrast enhancement protocol in small animals. The injection speed (in terms of ml/sec) is often standardized, but the iodine delivery rate is rarely set. Different volumes of contrast medium may alter the injection duration, and it may be difficult to set an appropriate scan timing. This study focused on the injection speed and iodine delivery rate in the case of normal beagles in order to establish a concept for reproducible contrast timing in contrast-enhanced CT for small animals. MATERIALS AND METHODSFive clinically healthy beagle dogs (3-5 years old, 8.9-15.4 kg) were used in a crossover method, and the experiments were performed following the guidelines of the institutional policies for veterinary clinical investigations. The animals were starved for 12 hr before the CT study. A physical examination was conducted, and the complete blood count and serum chemistry profile (blood urea nitrogen,...

show abstract

Helical Computed Tomographic Portography in Ten Normal Dogs and Ten Dogs With a Portosystemic Shunt

Cited by 70 publications

References 24 publications

Helical computed tomography application in rabbit liver anatomy: comparison with frozen cross-sectional cuts

Helical computed tomography application in rabbit liver anatomy: comparison with frozen cross-sectional cuts

Three-dimensional multislice helical computed tomography in the diagnostics of vena azygos connection to the caudal vena cava in a dog - a case report

A Comparison Between Injection Speed and Iodine Delivery Rate in Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) for Normal Beagles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About