Helicobacter Pylori and CagA: Relationships With Esophageal and Gastroduodenal Disorders in Iranian Patients

Abstract

Background:The severity of Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with virulence factors of the bacteria and host immune response. H. pylori has several virulence factors which a number of them are essential to emerge clinical outcomes. Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) is the most important H. pylori virulence factor. Objectives: The aim of our study was to assess a significant relationship between presence of cagA and severity of clinical manifestation in esophageal and gastroduodenal disorders. Patients and Methods: A total of 240 gastric biopsies were collected between March 2012 and August 2013 from Tehran's hospitals. Three sets of biopsy specimens were obtained from the antrum and rapid urease tests, histological examination, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay were performed on the biopsy specimens. Results: One hundred and eight (45%) of biopsy specimens were positive with rapid urease test and ureC gene PCR. Moreover, thirty eight (35.1%) of positive specimens had cagA gene. The rate of gastric and duodenum inflammation was more in patients who carried CagA positive H. pylori strains. Whereas less inflammation and sever lesions in esophagus were found in CagA negative H. pylori strains. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a strong relationship between CagA and esophageal and gastroduodenal disorders. The number of CagA negative H. pylori was larger than CagA positive in esophagus lesion grade A, C, and D. Therefore, cagA may have a protective effect on some esophageal diseases. In addition, the number of CagA positives was larger than CagA negative H. pylori in gastric antrum and duodenum ulcer. Thus, CagA play a role to emerge peptic and duodenal ulcers.

Genotyping of the Helicobacter pylori cagA Gene Isolated From Gastric Biopsies in Shiraz, Southern Iran: A PCR-RFLP and Sequence Analysis Approach

“…However, no significant association was found between the presence of the cagA gene and upper gastrointestinal disorders in the patients infected with H. pylori . Based on different geographical regions, the prevalence of cagA -positive strains among the Iranian population is between 35% and 94% ( 22 - 25 ). In a previous study in Shiraz, 47.7% of H. pylori isolates were cagA -positive, which was higher in patients with UD than in those with NUD.…”