Helicobacter pylori culture: from bench to bedside

Zullo, Angelo

doi:10.20524/aog.2022.0703

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Overall, conventional microbiological approaches showed several disadvantages: (i) it is difficult to perform; (ii) it has a long incubation period (~7 days) with high turn-around time (TAT, >7 days); and (iii) it has low sensitivity. These critical issues and low compliance by laboratories in performing this practice make the design of new real-life studies difficult [66].…”

Section: Conventional Microbiological Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Treatment-Failure Era

Spagnuolo,

Scarlata,

Paravati

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a prevalent global health issue, associated with several gastrointestinal disorders, including gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. The landscape of H. pylori treatment has evolved over the years, with increasing challenges due to antibiotic resistance and treatment failure. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as the urea breath test, stool antigen test, and endoscopy with biopsy, are commonly used in clinical practice. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has led to a decline in treatment efficacy, necessitating a re-evaluation of common diagnostic tools. This narrative review aims to explore the possible changes in the diagnostic approach of H. pylori infection in the era of treatment failure. Molecular techniques, including polymerase chain reaction and whole genome sequencing, which have high sensitivity and specificity, allow the detection of genes associated with antibiotic resistance. On the other hand, culture isolation and a phenotypic antibiogram could be used in the diagnostic routine, although H. pylori is a fastidious bacterium. However, new molecular approaches are promising tools for detecting the pathogen and its resistance genes. In this regard, more real-life studies are needed to reveal new diagnostic tools suitable for identifying multidrug-resistant H. pylori strains and for outlining proper treatment.

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Section: Conventional Microbiological Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Treatment-Failure Era

Spagnuolo,

Scarlata,

Paravati

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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“…The eradication of H. pylori in different regions is constantly being adapted for a variety of reasons, including the emergence of new protocols and differences in antibiotic resistance rates (Zullo et al, 2022). The Maastricht I/Florence Consensus proposed a standard therapy based on proton pump inhibitor (PPI), plus a combination of two antibiotics (amoxicillin and clarithromycin) for 10 days to eradicate H. pylori pathogen, which broken the traditional triple therapy with bismuth as the core regimens (Kim & Chung, 2020).…”

Section: Triple Therapy For H Pylori Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of antibiotic resistance in specific regions is of great importance to guide the eradication of H. pylori according to local conditions. The regimens for H. pylori eradication are constantly being adjusted as rates of antibiotic resistance change from year to year in different regions (Zullo et al, 2022). In China, the resistance rates of H. pylori strain to metronidazole and clarithromycin were 90.49% and 24.61%, while the resistance rates to amoxicillin, and furazolidone were 0.22% and 0.11%, respectively (L. Li, Zhou, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment strategies and pharmacist‐led medication management for Helicobacter pylori infection

Wang

Chen

Pei

et al. 2022

Drug Development Research

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Half of the world's population is Helicobacter pylori carrier. Updated guidelines and consensus have been issued across regions with the main aim of reducing social transmission and increasing H. pylori eradication rate. Although alternative therapies including traditional Chinese medicine and probiotics have also been used to improve H. pylori eradication rate in clinical practice, current mainstream treatment is still dependent on triple and quadruple therapies that includes antibacterial agents (e.g., amoxicillin and furazolidone) and proton pump inhibitor. Researches also assessed the eradication rate of optimized high-dose dual therapy in treating H. pylori infection. With the increase of antibiotic resistance rate, the treatment strategies for H. pylori infection are constantly adjusted and improved. Besides, low medication compliance is another key influencing factor for H. pylori treatment failure. Emerging studies indicate that pharmacists' intervention and new pharmaceutical care methods can enhance patient medication compliance, reduce adverse drug reactions, and improve H. pylori eradication rate. The purpose of this review is to summarize the advances in treating H. pylori infection and highlight the necessity of developing novel strategies to cope with the increasing challenges and to achieve personalized medication. Also, this review attaches great importance to pharmacists in optimizing H. pylori treatment outcomes as a routine part of therapy.

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“…H. pylori infection involves almost 50% of the world’s population and induces chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa, 5 to 15% of which evolve in gastric and duodenal ulcers and less than 1% in GC [ 2 ]. Curing this infection remains challenging for clinicians, mainly because of bacterial resistance towards the few available antibiotics [ 3 ]. H. pylori is a mobile Gram-negative bacterium possessing an urease activity and different virulence factors [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nrf2 Downregulation Contributes to Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Cells

Bacon

Seeneevassen

Fratacci

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Background: Gastric cancer, the fifth most common cancer worldwide, is mainly linked to Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori induces chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa associated with high oxidative stress. Our study aimed at assessing the implication of Nrf2, a major regulator of cellular redox homeostasis, in H. pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis. Methods: Using three different gastric epithelial cell lines, a non-cancerous (HFE-145) and two different subtypes of gastric cancer (AGS and MKN74), we analyzed the modulation of Nrf2 expression over time. After invalidation of Nrf2 by CRISPR-cas9, we assessed its role in H. pylori-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Finally, we evaluated the expression of Nrf2 and ZEB1, a central EMT transcription factor, in human gastric tissues. Results: We first demonstrated that the Nrf2 signaling pathway is differentially regulated depending on the infection stage. Rapidly and transiently activated, Nrf2 was downregulated 24 h post-infection in a VacA-dependent manner. We then demonstrated that Nrf2 invalidation leads to increased EMT, which is even exacerbated after H. pylori infection. Finally, Nrf2 expression tended to decrease in human patients’ gastric mucosa infected with H. pylori. Conclusions: Our work supports the hypothesis that Nrf2 downregulation upon H. pylori infection participates in EMT, one of the most important events in gastric carcinogenesis.

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Helicobacter pylori culture: from bench to bedside

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Change in Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Treatment-Failure Era

Change in Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Treatment-Failure Era

Treatment strategies and pharmacist‐led medication management for Helicobacter pylori infection

Nrf2 Downregulation Contributes to Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Cells

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