Helicobacter Pylori: Current Status and Future Prospects

O’Mahony, Rachel; Vaira, Dino; Holton, John; Basset, Christelle

doi:10.3184/003685004783238481

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The idea of a bacterial etiology for human cancer is by no means limited to the oral cavity. Indeed, it is readily apparent that H. pylori infection is causally associated with malignancies of gastric epithelia ( 111 , 112 ), leading to the categorization of this organism as a WHO class I carcinogen. H. pylori causes inflammation of the gastric mucosa, likely by inducing gastric epithelial cells to secrete IL-8, which results in recruitment of inflammatory cells to the site of infection ( 113 ).…”

Section: The Contribution Of the Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemokine Function in Periodontal Disease and Oral Cavity Cancer

2015

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The chemotactic cytokines, or chemokines, comprise a superfamily of polypeptides with a wide range of activities that include recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection and inflammation, as well as stimulation of cell proliferation. As such, they function as antimicrobial molecules and play a central role in host defenses against pathogen challenge. However, their ability to recruit leukocytes and potentiate or prolong the inflammatory response may have profound implications for the progression of oral diseases such as chronic periodontitis, where tissue destruction may be widespread. Moreover, it is increasingly recognized that chronic inflammation is a key component of tumor progression. Interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment is mediated in large part by secreted factors such as chemokines, and serves to enhance the malignant phenotype in oral and other cancers. In this article, we will outline the biological and biochemical mechanisms of chemokine action in host–microbiome interactions in periodontal disease and in oral cancer, and how these may overlap and contribute to pathogenesis.

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Section: The Contribution Of the Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemokine Function in Periodontal Disease and Oral Cavity Cancer

2015

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“…It is well known that Helicobacter pylori is associated with chronic atrophic gastritis and the development of gastric cancer [26,27]. It has been reported that ectopic expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a gene-editing enzyme, in gastric mucosal epithelium due to infection with H. pylori which harbors a gene family called 'cag' pathogenicity island (cagPAI) might be a mechanism of mutational accumulation in gastric carcinogenesis [28].…”

Section: Involvement Of Oral Bacteria In the Development And Progression Of Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms and cancer of the oral cavity

Kusama¹,

Inoue²,

Miyazaki³

et al. 2016

Integr Cancer Sci Therap

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Numerous microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses and fungi, inhabit the oral cavity, and it has been pointed out that poor oral hygiene and chronic periodontitis increase the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the molecular mechanism whereby the risk of OSCC is increased under such conditions has not yet been clarified. Microbes in the oral cavity may elicit both innate and acquired immune responses, resulting in the establishment of uncontrolled inflammation such as chronic periodontitis. Further microbial attack and various host-derived factors may subsequently contribute to events such as genetic and epigenetic alterations, inhibition of apoptosis, increased cell growth, promotion of invasion and metastasis, and lymphangiogenesis, thus linking the chronic inflammation to OSCC. Here we review the various factors involved in promoting the development and progression of OSCC. The facts suggest the importance of early prevention and treatment of chronic periodontitis to maintain oral health and prevent serious diseases such as OSCC.

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“…Helicobacter pylori is the best known bacterium causally linked with cancer leading its categorization as a WHO class I carcinogen (84)(85)(86)(87). According to IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 1994 majority of cancers induced by Helicobacter pylori infections is related to the inflammation caused by bacterium (87,88), Infections may alter the tumor microenvironment by inducing the expression of cytokines involved in cell proliferation, and migration.…”

Section: 1-role Of Periodontal Microflora In Carcinogenesis 311-micro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Inflammation and Carcinogenesis – Emerging Role of Chronic Inflammatory Periodontal Disease

Grover¹,

Kapoor²,

Sehgal³

et al. 2016

Cancer Res Front

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With exponential increase in the number of cases of cancers worldwide in recent past, it is imperative to enhance our understanding about the etiologic and risk factors associated with this seriously morbid condition. Increasing attention has been focussed on chronic infections and inflammatory diseases, implicating a role in carcinogenesis, particularly in developing countries. Periodontal disease is a bacterially induced chronic inflammatory process that affects tooth supporting connective tissue and alveolar bone in the oral cavity, potentially leading to tooth loss. The concept of these diseases as localized entities affecting only the teeth and supporting apparatus has been revised lately, in the light of mounting evidence of periodontal infection's influence on chronic inflammatory disease states. Periodontal disease has been linked to several systemic conditions like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, adverse pregnancy outcomes, obesity and cancers, yet underlying mechanisms are still elucidating. The focus of this review article will be an in depth discussion of the role of chronic inflammation, particularly chronic periodontal inflammation in causation or association of human cancers and discussion of possible biological mechanisms involved.

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Helicobacter Pylori: Current Status and Future Prospects

Cited by 10 publications

References 88 publications

Chemokine Function in Periodontal Disease and Oral Cavity Cancer

Chemokine Function in Periodontal Disease and Oral Cavity Cancer

Microorganisms and cancer of the oral cavity

Chronic Inflammation and Carcinogenesis – Emerging Role of Chronic Inflammatory Periodontal Disease

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