“…However, for the latter, water is considered as an intermediate vehicle for transmission, acting as an environmental reservoir (Hulten et al, 1996;Engstrand, 2001). Its presence was reported in surface sources used in water supply systems in Venezuela (Adrada et al, 2008;Fernández-Delgado et al, 2008) and, more worryingly, in water from storage tanks and in water distribution systems for consumption in Peru (Hulten et al, 1996), Portugal (Gião et al, 2008), United States (Baker and Hegarty, 2001), Mexico (Premoli et al, 2004), Costa Rica (Campos et al, 2011;Montero-Campos, 2019), Iran, and Pakistan (Samra et al, 2011;Al-Sulami et al, 2010), thus confirming the presence of the pathogen in drinking water as an important source of transmission. Additionally, some studies provide evidence that surface waters may contain considerable levels of viable H. pylori cells, (Acosta et al, 2018;Agustí et al, 2010;Santiago, 2016).…”