Helicobacter pylori <i>and gastric cancer − the clinicians' point of view</i>

Jq, Huang; Hunt, Richard

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00100.x

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…10,11 Similarly, other studies have established a strong relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma, although the nature of the relationship is still controversial. [12][13][14][15] Moreover, there is a strong association between H. pylori infection and low-grade gastric lymphoma arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. 16 H. pylori infection also has been associated with dyspepsia and non-ulcer dyspepsia, although this association is still unresolved.…”

Section: Association Between H Pylori Infection and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention

Aguilar¹,

Ayala²,

Fierros-Zarate³

2001

Salud pública Méx

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Helicobacter pylori has acquired great importance during the last two decades, after being recognized as an important pathogen that infects a great portion of the human population. This microorganism is recognized as the main causal agent of chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcers, and it is associated with the subsequent development of gastric carcinoma. The pathogenic mechanisms of H. pylori and their relation to gastric ailments have not been clearly defined. However, at present it is well established that urease, vacuolating cytotoxin VacA, and the pathogenicity island (cag PAI) gene products, are the main factors of virulence of this organism. Thus, individuals infected with strains that express these virulence factors probably develop a severe local inflammation that may induce the development of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. The way the infection spreads throughout the world suggests the possibility that there are multiple pathways of transmission. Due to the importance that H. pylori has acquired as a human pathogen, laboratories worldwide are attempting to develop a vaccine that confers long-term immunological protection against infection by this microorganism. Hence, the objective of this review is to present the most relevant findings of the biology of H. Pylori and its interaction with the human host. The full version of this paper is available too at: http:// www.insp.mx/salud/index.html ResumenHelicobacter pylori ha adquirido gran importancia durante las últimas dos décadas, al ser reconocido como un importante patógeno que infecta una gran porción de la población humana. Este microrganismo es reconocido como el principal agente que causa la gastritis crónica y la úlcera duodenal, además de que se ha asociado con el subsecuente desarrollo del carcinoma gástrico. Los mecanismos patogé-nicos de H. pylori y su relación con los padecimientos gás-tricos no se han definido en forma clara. Sin embargo, actualmente está bien establecido que la ureasa, la citotoxina vacuolizante VacA y los productos de los genes de la isla de patogenicidad (cag PAI) son los principales factores de virulencia de este organismo. Así, los individuos infectados con cepas que expresan dichos factores de virulencia, probablemente manifiesten una marcada inflamación local que podría inducir el desarrollo de úlcera péptica y cáncer gástri-co. La manera como la infección se propaga a nivel mundial sugiere la posibilidad de múltiples vías de transmisión. A consecuencia de la importancia que H. pylori ha adquirido como patógeno humano, los laboratorios del mundo se esfuerzan para desarrollar una vacuna que confiera protección inmunológica de larga duración contra la infección por este microorganismo. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar los hallazgos más relevantes sobre la biología de H. pylori y su interacción con su huésped humano. El texto completo de este artículo también está disponible en:

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Section: Association Between H Pylori Infection and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention

Aguilar¹,

Ayala²,

Fierros-Zarate³

2001

Salud pública Méx

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“…Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is a microaerophilic, Gramnegative bacterium, and is implicated often as the causative agent of chronic gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcers, and gastric carcinoma [1,2] . H pylori-associated disorders usually regress or heal completely after treatment with antibiotics [3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of clarithromycin resistance in Malaysian isolates of Helicobacter pylori

Ahmad¹,

Zakaria²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2009

WJG

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AIM:To characterize the types of mutations present in the 23S rRNA genes of Malaysian isolates of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ). METHODS:Clarithromycin susceptibility of H pylori isolates was determined by E test. Analyses for point mutations in the domain V of 23S rRNA genes in clarithromycin-resistant and -sensitive strains were performed by sequence analysis of amplified polymerase chain reaction products. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using Bsa Ⅰ and Mbo Ⅱ enzymes to detect restriction sites that correspond to the mutations in the clarithromycinresistant strains. RESULTS:Of 187 isolates from 120 patients, four were resistant to clarithromycin, while 183 were sensitive. The MIC of the resistant strains ranged from 1.5 to 24 μg/mL. Two isolates had an A2142G mutation and another two had A2143G mutations. A T2182C mutation was detected in two out of four clarithromycin-resistant isolates and in 13 of 14 clarithromycin-sensitive isolates.Restriction enzyme analyses with Bsa Ⅰ and Mbo Ⅱ were able to detect the mutations. CONCLUSION:Clarithromycin resistance is an uncommon occurrence among Malaysian isolates of H pylori strains and the mutations A2142G and A2143G detected were associated with low-level resistance.

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“…The PAI encodes a bacterial type IV secretory system that secretes and translocates the cagA protein into host cells, where it is phosphorylated by a host-cell kinase and causes morphological changes. Innocenti et al, found that several, but not all, H pylori strains are able to activate endothelial cells to express the adhesion molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin and to secrete neutrophil-recruiting chemokines, and therefore contribute to tissue damage and ulcer formation [48,49] . Among people infected with H pylori, the virulence of the infecting strain is a major determinant which develops disease.…”

Section: H Pylorimentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary approach to understand the pathogenesis of gastric cancer

Shang¹

2005

WJG

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Abstract Abstract AbstractGastric carcinoma remains a common disease worldwide with a dismal prognosis. Therefore, it represents a very important health problem. It occurs with a high incidence in Asia and is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world. Although the incidence and mortality of gastric carcinoma are decreasing in many countries, gastric cancer still represents the second most frequent malignancies in the world and the fourth in Europe. The 5-year survival rate of gastric carcinoma is low. The etiology and pathogenesis are not yet fully known. The study of gastric cancer is important in clinical medicine as well as in public health. Over the past 15 years, integrated research in molecular pathology has clarified the details of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities of cancer-related genes in the course of the development and progression of gastric cancer. Gastric cancer, as all cancers, is the end result of the interplay of many risk factors as well as protective factors. Although epidemiological evidence indicates that environmental factors play a major role in gastric carcinogenesis, the role of immunological, genetic, and immunogenetic factors are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. Among the environmental factors, diet and Helicobacter pylori are more amenable to intervention aimed at the prevention of gastric cancer. The aim of the present paper is to review and include the most recent published evidence to demonstrate that only a multidisciplinary approach will lead to the advancement of the pathogenesis and prevention of gastric cancer. On the immunogenetic research it is clear that evidence is accumulating to suggest that a genetic profile favoring the proinflammatory response increases the risk of gastric carcinoma.

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Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer − the clinicians' point of view

Cited by 29 publications

References 65 publications

Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention

Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention

Characterization of clarithromycin resistance in Malaysian isolates of Helicobacter pylori

Multidisciplinary approach to understand the pathogenesis of gastric cancer

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