Helium and hydrogen irradiation induced hardening in CLAM steel

Hardening and Creep of Ion Irradiated CLAM Steel by Nanoindentation

“…On the other hand, the curves for the irradiated specimens are approximately bilinear. When the indentation depth is greater than ~265 nm, the plastic zone extends beyond the irradiated layer and the hardness is largely affected by the unirradiated substrate [21,22,57,62,63]. However, when the indentation depth is less than ~265 nm, the hardness is affected mainly by the irradiated layer and can be well fitted by the Nix-Gao model, as reported by Kasada et al [64].…”

“…Depth-dependent hardness can be directly attained through Continuous Stiffness Measurement [13]. In recent years, a large number of nanoindentation tests have been conducted to investigate the irradiation hardening of metallic materials [9,10,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Meanwhile, several methods have been developed to obtain nanoindentation creep behavior, including constant rate of loading method [23], constant depth method [24], constant strain rate method [25], constant load method [26], and rate jump method [27].…”

“…Chinese low activation martensitic steel is a primary candidate structural material for the future fusion reactors due to its superior swelling resistance and thermos-mechanical properties. During the past decade, detailed studies have been conducted about the microstructure and mechanical properties of Chinese low activation martensitic (CLAM) steel before and after irradiation [17][18][19][20][21][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. However, the creep behavior of irradiated CLAM steel has not been studied so far.…”

Evaluation of Irradiation Hardening of P92 Steel under Ar Ion Irradiation

“…The theories of irradiation hardening are based on the assumption that these irradiation defects can act as obstacles to the glide of dislocations and different hardening models have been proposed by Azevedo [38]. Combined with TEM analysis regarding the number density and size of dislocation loops in the CLAM steel irradiated with single-(He + ) and sequential-(He + plus H + subsequently), the magnitude of irradiation-induced hardening was well expounded in terms of a dispersed barrier hardening model [39]. The model can be written as…”

Evaluation of irradiation hardening and microstructure evolution under the synergistic interaction of He and subsequent Fe ions irradiation in CLAM steel

“…Sequential dual-ion irradiation is a useful technique for experimental exploration on the synergistic effects of two kinds of ion irradiation [5]. Heavy ion irradiation is frequently used to simulate the effects of neutron damage due to their high damage rate and rare radioactive products [6,7] .…”