Helminth infections and hybridization between Haemonchus contortus and Haemonchus placei in sheep from Santana do Livramento, Brazil

Almeida, Fabiana Alves de; Bassetto, César Cristiano; Amarante, Mônica Regina Vendrame; Albuquerque, Ana Cláudia Alexandre de; Starling, Renan Zappavigna Costa; Amarante, Alessandro Francisco Talamini do

doi:10.1590/s1984-296120180044

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In some cases, parasitic cohabiters can have more influence on their host than on each other (35). Additionally, multiple studies claim that co-infection of humans and livestock with nematodes is common (36,37), meaning that more microbiome studies of host and parasite should incorporate co-infection models. Admittedly, this study does not examine the parasite-host microbiome interrelationship in a single-infection model.…”

Section: Oral Ingestion Of Engineered E Coli By Larvae In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome analysis as a platform R&D tool for parasitic nematode disease management

et al. 2019

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The relationship between bacterial communities and their host is being extensively investigated for the potential to improve the host's health. Little is known about the interplay between the microbiota of parasites and the health of the infected host. Using nematode coinfection of lambs as a proof-of-concept model, the aim of this study was to characterise the microbiomes of nematodes and that of their host, enabling identification of candidate nematode-specific microbiota member(s) that could be exploited as drug development tools or for targeted therapy. Deep sequencing techniques were used to elucidate the microbiomes of different life stages of two parasitic nematodes of ruminants, Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta, as well as that of the co-infected ovine hosts, pre-and post-infection. Bioinformatic analyses demonstrated significant differences between the composition of the nematode and ovine microbiomes. The two nematode species also differed significantly. Data indicated a shift in the constitution of the larval nematode microbiome after exposure to the ovine microbiome, and in the ovine intestinal microbial community over time as a result of helminth co-infection. Several bacterial species were identified in nematodes that were absent from their surrounding abomasal environment, the most significant of which included Escherichia coli/Shigella. The ability to purposefully infect nematode species with engineered E. coli was demonstrated in vitro, validating the concept of using this bacterium as a nematode-specific drug development tool and/or drug delivery vehicle. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the concept of exploiting a parasite's microbiome for drug development and treatment purposes.

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Section: Oral Ingestion Of Engineered E Coli By Larvae In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome analysis as a platform R&D tool for parasitic nematode disease management

et al. 2019

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“…In addition, it presents high prolificacy and great capacity of developing anthelmintic resistance (ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2017;MARTINS et al, 2017;OLIVEIRA et al, 2017). Other trichostrongylid parasites produce significant reductions in weight gain, which is the case of Trichostrongylus colubriformis, considered the second most important nematode in sheep in Brazil (WILMSEN et al, 2014;ALMEIDA et al, 2018). T. colubriformis is a parasite of the small intestine that can cause inappetence and a disruption of the normal digestive process in lambs (KIMAMBO et al, 1988).…”

Section: Losses Caused By Gastrointestinal Nematode Infections In Dormentioning

confidence: 99%

Losses caused by gastrointestinal nematode infections in Dorper lambs under two nutritional status

Starling

Almeida

Viana

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two nutritional statuses on the productive performance of Dorper lambs naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. Thirty-two lambs, grazing together on the same pasture, were allocated into four experimental groups: (G1) infected-supplemented diet, (G2) control-supplemented diet, (G3) infected-basal diet, and (G4) control-basal diet. Control animals received suppressive treatment with monepantel every two weeks, while precautionary anthelmintic treatments were given to all lambs of the infected groups with packed cell volume (PCV) <23%. There was reduction in the PCV means of all groups, which was more pronounced in the infected lambs that also presented reduction in total plasma protein values in comparison with the controls. Weight gain was affected by diet and infection status (P < 0.05). Daily body weight gain was 0.170 kg in the G1, 0.205 kg in the G2, 0.085 kg in the G3, and 0.116 kg in the G4. The cold carcass weight was 4.1% and 13.7% higher in controls in comparison with infected lambs, respectively, in the supplemented and basal diets. The infected groups, despite receiving precautionary anthelmintic treatments to prevent deaths due to haemonchosis, presented reduction in the production parameters in comparison with the controls.

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“…Both contents were placed in graduated buckets and aliquots of 10% were collected individually, stored in plastic flasks and preserved at −20°C. All nematodes present in the aliquots were identified and quantified, according to their developmental stage (Ueno & Gonçalves, 1998; Almeida et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of breed and parasite challenge on the immune response to naturally acquired intestinal nematode infection in sheep

et al. 2022

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Natural infection by intestinal nematodes was assessed in Santa Ines and Ile de France sheep breeds, over a five-month grazing period, with emphasis on the development of the immune response in lambs under two anthelmintic treatment regimens. Nineteen Santa Ines and 19 Ile de France male lambs were allocated into two treatment groups: animals under suppressive treatment with anthelmintics; and animals under targeted selective treatment (TST). The nematodes Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Strongyloides papillosus showed the highest infection intensity in the TST animals in both breeds. Parasite-specific immunoglobulin G levels were significantly higher and more rapidly induced in Santa Ines lambs. Additionally, these lambs had higher levels of parasite-specific immunoglobulin A in intestinal mucus. Animals under TST had higher means of mast cells and globule leukocytes in the intestinal mucosa due to longer and greater parasite challenge in comparison with the suppressive group. A breed effect (P < 0.05) was recorded for mast cells, with Santa Ines lambs presenting the highest counts. Although Santa Ines lambs had lower intestinal nematode counts than Ile de France lambs, they had shown a large variation in T. colubriformis burden, with most of them presenting a marked worm burden, despite showing an earlier and more intense immune response to intestinal nematode infection.

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Helminth infections and hybridization between Haemonchus contortus and Haemonchus placei in sheep from Santana do Livramento, Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Microbiome analysis as a platform R&D tool for parasitic nematode disease management

Microbiome analysis as a platform R&D tool for parasitic nematode disease management

Losses caused by gastrointestinal nematode infections in Dorper lambs under two nutritional status

Influence of breed and parasite challenge on the immune response to naturally acquired intestinal nematode infection in sheep

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