Helminthic diseases

Salfelder, K.; Liscano, T. R. de; Sauerteig, E.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-2228-3_3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…No more than one week after collection, they underwent identification to the genus level through morphometric characteristics [58]. Physical and morphometric characteristics were recognized after fixation and clarification with Hoyer's solution by light microscopy [59][60][61]. In addition, processed cestodes were stained with dilute Harris' hematoxylin solution.…”

Section: Detection Of Different Infectious Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive epidemiological surveillance in wildlife in Costa Rica identifies pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance

et al. 2022

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Epidemiological surveillance systems for pathogens in wild species have been proposed as a preventive measure for epidemic events. These systems can minimize the detrimental effects of an outbreak, but most importantly, passive surveillance systems are the best adapted to countries with limited resources. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the technical and infrastructural feasibility of establishing this type of scheme in Costa Rica by implementing a pilot program targeting the detection of pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance in wildlife. Between 2018 and 2020, 85 carcasses of free-ranging vertebrates were admitted for post-mortem and microbiology analysis. However, we encountered obstacles mainly related to the initial identification of cases and limited local logistics capacity. Nevertheless, this epidemiological surveillance scheme allowed us to estimate the general state of health of the country’s wildlife by establishing the causes of death according to pathological findings. For instance, 60% (51/85) of the deaths were not directly associated with an infectious agent. Though in 37.6% (32/85) of these cases an infectious agent associated or not with disease was detected. In 27.1% (23/85) of the cases, death was directly related to infectious agents. Furthermore, 12.9% (11/85), the cause of death was not determined. Likewise, this wildlife health monitoring program allowed the detection of relevant pathogens such as Canine Distemper Virus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Angiostrongylus spp., Baylisascaris spp., among others. Our research demonstrated that this passive surveillance scheme is cost-effective and feasible in countries with limited resources. This passive surveillance can be adapted to the infrastructure dedicated to monitoring diseases in productive animals according to the scope and objectives of monitoring wildlife specific to each region. The information generated from the experience of the initial establishment of a WHMP is critical to meeting the challenges involved in developing this type of scheme in regions with limited resources and established as hotspots for emerging infectious diseases.

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Section: Detection Of Different Infectious Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive epidemiological surveillance in wildlife in Costa Rica identifies pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance

et al. 2022

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“…Parasites identification: All parasites recovered from animals of the two investigated classes were washed with physiological saline, preserved in alcohol, acetic acid, and formalin (AFA) solution, and subjected to identification to genus level [61]. Physical and morphometric characteristics were recognized after fixation and clarification with Hoyer's solution [62][63][64]. In addition, processed cestodes were stained with dilute Harris' hematoxylin solution.…”

Section: Detection Of Different Infectious Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive epidemiological surveillance in wildlife in Costa Rica identifies pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance

Alfaro-Alarcón

Aguilar

Solorzono

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Epidemiological surveillance systems for pathogens in wild species have been proposed as a preventive measure for epidemic events. These systems can minimize the detrimental effects of an outbreak, but most importantly, passive surveillance systems are the best adapted to countries with limited resources. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the technical and infrastructural feasibility to establish this type of scheme in Costa Rica targeting thedetection of pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance in wildlife. Between 2018 and 2020, 85 carcasses of free-ranging vertebrates were admitted for post mortem analysis and complementary laboratory analysis, representing a solid basis for the implementation of a passive surveillance system for wildlife diseases in the country. However, we encounter during this research significant constraints that affected the availability of carcasses for analysis, mainly related to the initial identification of cases, detection biases towards events in populated- or easily accessible-areas with nearby located wildlife management centers, further associated with financial disincentives, and limited local logistics capacity. Thus resulting in the exclusion of some geographic regions of the country. This epidemiological surveillance scheme allowed us to estimate the general state of health of the country’s wildlife, establishing the cause of death of the analyzed animals as follows: (i) 46 (54.1%) traumatic events, (ii) 23 (27.1%) infectious agents, (iii) two (2.4%) degenerative illness, (iv) three (3.5%) presumably poisoning, and (v) in 11 (12.9%)undetermined. It also allowed the detection of pathogens such as, canine distemper virus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Toxoplasma gondii, Trypanosoma spp., Angiostrongylus spp., Dirofilaria spp., Baylisascaris spp., among others. As well as recognizing the circulation of these pathogens around national territory and also on those analyzed species. This strategy is crucial in geographical regions defined as critical for the appearance of diseases due to their great biodiversity and social conditions.

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Helminthic diseases

Cited by 2 publications

References 162 publications

Passive epidemiological surveillance in wildlife in Costa Rica identifies pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance

Passive epidemiological surveillance in wildlife in Costa Rica identifies pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance

Passive epidemiological surveillance in wildlife in Costa Rica identifies pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance

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