Helminths in human carcinogenesis

Fried, Bernard; Reddy, Aditya; Mayer, David

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2010.07.008

Cited by 111 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis are powerful causal factors in human cholangiocarcinoma, cancer of the bile duct (112,263). There are also causal links between S. haematobium infection and bladder cancer, possibly due to the damage caused by the egress of eggs through the bladder wall (93). Most probably, these represent cases in which parasite-derived tumor promoters (262), acting in the context of immunomodulation, contribute to a carcinogenic outcome.…”

Section: The Hygiene Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth Infections and Host Immune Regulation

2012

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SUMMARY Helminth parasites infect almost one-third of the world's population, primarily in tropical regions. However, regions where helminth parasites are endemic record much lower prevalences of allergies and autoimmune diseases, suggesting that parasites may protect against immunopathological syndromes. Most helminth diseases are spectral in nature, with a large proportion of relatively asymptomatic cases and a subset of patients who develop severe pathologies. The maintenance of the asymptomatic state is now recognized as reflecting an immunoregulatory environment, which may be promoted by parasites, and involves multiple levels of host regulatory cells and cytokines; a breakdown of this regulation is observed in pathological disease. Currently, there is much interest in whether helminth-associated immune regulation may ameliorate allergy and autoimmunity, with investigations in both laboratory models and human trials. Understanding and exploiting the interactions between these parasites and the host regulatory network are therefore likely to highlight new strategies to control both infectious and immunological diseases.

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Section: The Hygiene Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth Infections and Host Immune Regulation

2012

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“…In chronic infections, however, more severe morbidity may eventually arise from the inflammatory response to parasite eggs retained in the liver and intestines (infections by Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma intercalatum and Schistosoma mekongi) or in the urinary tract (Schistosoma haematobium) (Gryseels et al 2006). Schistosomiasis of the urinary tract is endemic in the African continent and in the Middle East where it has been associated with a higher incidence of bladder cancer (Fried et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of expression and activity of cytochrome P450s and alteration of praziquantel kinetics during murine schistosomiasis

Gotardo

Hyssa

Carvalho

et al. 2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The S. haematobium, like other schistosomes is dioecious and the adult female lives in-copulo in the gynecophoral canal of the male; this species of schistosome lives in the venules of the human urinary bladder. Eggs laid in the urinary bladder produce irritation and eventual fibrosis, contributing to the events that lead to human carcinogenicity (Fried et al, 2011). All schistosoma infections follow direct contact with fresh water that harbors freeswimming larval forms of the parasite known as cercariae.…”

Section: Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%