Helping Reluctant Black Males: An Affirmation Approach

Psychosocial Development and Black Male Masculinity: Implications for Counseling Economically Disadvantaged African American Male Adolescents

“…Articles, books, monographs, and theoretical reviews related to training issues (Arredondo-Dowd & Gonsalves, 1980;Casas, Ponterotto, & Gutierrez, 1986;Copeland, 1983;Mio, 1989;Pederson, 1988), characteristics of African American culture (Carter, 1991;Cheatham, 1990;Helms, 1984), cross-cultural models (Helms, 1984;Parham & Helms, 1981), clients' preferences for counselors' race (Parham & Helms, 1981;Pomales, Claiborn, & LaFromboise, 1986), and the use of counseling services are some of the many topics that have been investigated (June, 1986;Larrabee, 1986). Articles, books, monographs, and theoretical reviews related to training issues (Arredondo-Dowd & Gonsalves, 1980;Casas, Ponterotto, & Gutierrez, 1986;Copeland, 1983;Mio, 1989;Pederson, 1988), characteristics of African American culture (Carter, 1991;Cheatham, 1990;Helms, 1984), cross-cultural models (Helms, 1984;Parham & Helms, 1981), clients' preferences for counselors' race (Parham & Helms, 1981;Pomales, Claiborn, & LaFromboise, 1986), and the use of counseling services are some of the many topics that have been investigated (June, 1986;Larrabee, 1986).…”

Psychotherapy With African American Men: What We Know and What We Need to Know

“…Fourth, although true for all clients, the literature discussed the need for therapists to foster trust in therapeutic relationships with African American men. The importance of therapists allowing African American male clients to maintain a sense of personal control was also discussed (Franklin, 1992;Gardner, 1985;Gunnings & Lipscomb, 1986;Larrabee, 1986;Lee, 1990;Parham & McDavis, 1987;Thompson, 1989;Washington, 1987;Willie, 1988). The issues of trust and personal control are very important when working with African American male clients for at least three reasons: (a) to get them into therapy, (b) to engage them in the therapy process, and (c) to keep them engaged long enough to achieve therapeutic goals.…”

“…First, several of the articles reviewed presented arguments emphasizing the importance of therapists having a n understanding of Afi-ican American history and culture when working with African American male clients (Bell, 1996;Franklin, 1992;Hilliard, 1985;Jones & Gray, 1983: June, 1986Larrabee, 1986;Lee, 1990;Pope, 1986;Thomas, 1985;Warfield & Marion, 1985;Washington, 1987). This importance seems to stem from three factors:…”

Group Counseling for African American Males: When All You Have Are European American Counselors

“…The leaders discussed their need to learn from the members and talked about how such a group might help both the counselors and group members gain a new perspective on each other's culture (Atkinson, Morton, & Sue, 1989a). Having the members of the group teach the counseling professionals about their experiences, values, life stories, and concerns served to elevate the status and selfesteem of the adolescent and facilitated the therapeutic process as well as allowed the members of the group and the leaders to be enriched by the others' perceptions, knowledge, and experiences (Hanna et al, 2000;Larrabee, 1986;Tucker, 1999).…”