Hematene Nanoflakes: A Non-van der Waals Material with Superior Nonlinear Optical Properties

Prasannakumar, Anandhu Thejas; Beryl, C.; Rohith, R; U, Reeta Felscia; Philip, Reji; Varma, Sreekanth J.

doi:10.1021/acsaom.2c00071

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…( 1), the average values of the nonlinear absorption coefficient β of hematene and magnetene were determined to be (58.9 � 5.0)×10 À 11 determined β value of hematene, under 532 nm laser excitation, is in very good agreement with the corresponding value obtained in ref. [30], which was reported to be 13×10 À 11 m/W. It is worth noting that similar Z-scan measurements performed under 4 ns, 1064 nm laser excitation, revealed negligible NLO absorption for all samples studied (see Figure S1).…”

Section: A Nlo Responsesupporting

confidence: 59%

“…[21] Initial application-oriented research efforts has revealed that non-vdW 2D materials are promising candidates for electrocatalysis, [22,23] energy storage, [24] and magnetophotoconductivity. [25] In addition, since non-vdW 2D materials display high carrier mobility, [26] tunable energy bandgap through facile surface modification due to the abundance of dangling bonds, [27] and superior nonlinear optical (NLO) response than their van der Waals 2D counterparts, [28][29][30] it is speculated that they could find numerous applications in photonics and optoelectronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in a recent work, it was reported that hematene nanosheets exhibit strong RSA response under ns, 532 nm laser excitation giving rise to very efficient optical limiting [30] . However, no information about hematene's NLO refraction has been reported in this study, while its OL action has been investigated only under 532 nm excitation [30] . On the other hand, the magnetene's NLO response (i. e., NLO absorption and refraction) remains entirely unexplored under ns laser excitation so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2D Non‐van der Waals Nanoplatelets of Hematene and Magnetene: Nonlinear Optical Response and Optical Limiting Performance from UV to NIR

Stavrou,

Chazapis,

Georgakilas

et al. 2023

Chemistry A European J

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Recently, the preparation of some hematene and magnetene ultrathin non van der Waals (non‐vdW) 2D nanoplatelets was reported starting from hematite and magnetite natural iron ores. The present work reports on the determination and evaluation of the nonlinear optical response and the optical limiting (OL) action of these 2D nanoplatelets dispersed in water under ns laser excitation. The obtained results show that both hematene and magnetene exhibit strong nonlinear absorption and refraction, comparable and even larger than those of other van der Waals (vdW) 2D counterpart materials. In addition, due to their strong nonlinear absorption, both hematene and magnetene show exceptional OL performance from the UV to visible, attaining very low values of optical limiting onset (OLon), comparable and even lower than that of vdW 2D nanomaterials, such as graphene, graphene oxide, other transition metal dichalcogenides like MoS2, WS2 and MoSe2, black phosphorous and antimonene. Moreover, hematene was found to exhibit more efficient OL action than magnetene for all the excitation wavelengths studied, attributed to more efficient ligand to metal charge transfer. The present findings open new possibilities for the potential use of these non‐vdW 2D materials in photonics and optoelectronics, e.g., as optical limiters and optical switchers.

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Section: A Nlo Responsesupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2D Non‐van der Waals Nanoplatelets of Hematene and Magnetene: Nonlinear Optical Response and Optical Limiting Performance from UV to NIR

Stavrou,

Chazapis,

Georgakilas

et al. 2023

Chemistry A European J

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“…Furthermore, A–D–A type compounds 1–5 show a more excellent NLO property with higher β eff and Imχ (3) values than some reported materials (Table S11). ,− Thus, these compounds can be considered as promising OL materials in laser protection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure–Property Relationships of ITIC-Based Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor Type Molecules as Novel Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials

Li,

Feng,

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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Organic π-conjugated molecules incorporating with an electron donor (D) and/or acceptor (A) have been extensively applied in nonlinear optical (NLO) fields. The efficient electron transfers and delocalization in the molecular backbone can boost the NLO behavior effectively. Thus, the rational constructions of D−A type π-conjugated structures are one of the key approaches to facilitate the development of organic NLO materials and their applications. Because of the unique structure characteristics, ITIC-based A−D−A type molecules are promising NLO materials. However, there is no report about ITIC-based molecules as NLO materials so far; furthermore, their structure−property relationships remain unclear. Herein, five ITIC-based A− D−A type molecules (1−5) incorporating different electron-rich/-poor groups in the electron-donating core or electronwithdrawing groups were designed and synthesized. Meanwhile, D−A type compound 6 with the "half-structure" of 1 was synthesized for comparison. The relationships of the structure and NLO property were studied by the theoretical calculations and Zscan experiments. Expectedly, these molecules exhibit an NLO response originating from reverse saturable absorption (RSA) to a nanosecond pulsed laser at 532 nm, which is attributed to the strong intramolecular D−A interaction and planar π-conjugated backbones of molecules. The A−D−A type compound 1 exhibits an excellent NLO property compared to compound 6. Compounds with smaller band gaps exhibit more excellent NLO properties. The structurally tunable nonlinear extinction coefficients of A−D−A type compounds increase from 70 to 162 cm GW −1 at the representative input laser energy of 10 μJ. The length of the alkyl chain bearing on the side of the conjugated backbone has a slight effect on their NLO behavior although it has a significant influence on the performances of organic field-effect transistors and organic solar cells. Because of the RSA behaviors, these compounds can be applied as optical limiting materials and show laser limiting thresholds varying from 12.3 to 3.6 J cm −2 . This work exploits a novel application of ITIC-based A−D−A type molecules in organic NLO fields and, more importantly, affords a prototype of structure− property relationships as a guideline for the rational development toward outstanding materials.

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“…So far, several methods such as Z-scan, four wave mixing, multiphoton microscopy, and spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) techniques have been utilized to probe the third-order NLO refraction coefficient ( n 2e ) in numerous 2D materials. ,− However, Z-scan and four-wave mixing techniques require comparatively complicated experimental arrangements and data interpretation . Furthermore, due to the use of a high-power laser in the experiments, overcoming the experimental error due to self-diffraction of the laser beam is quite tricky, particularly for Z-scan experiments .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Green Photoluminescence and Studies of Nonlinear Optical Spatial Self Phase Modulation Effect in 2D Ga₂Te₃ Nanosheets

Pramanik,

Kumbhakar,

Dey

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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The liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) technique has been employed to prepare two-dimensional (2D) gallium telluride (Ga 2 Te 3 ) nanosheets with an average thickness of ∼2.4 nm and linear optical properties, including UV−visible absorption and photoluminescence (PL) emission characteristics of the sample in the green wavelength region are reported. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) responses of the colloidal suspension of 2D Ga 2 Te 3 are determined at 532 and 632 nm wavelengths by a spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) experiment. The value of the third-order NLO refraction coefficient (n 2e ) and effective susceptibility for monolayer (χ (3) Mono ) 2D Ga 2 Te 3 under 532 (632) nm continuous wave (CW) excitation is extracted to be 2.60 × 10 −7 (0.32 × 10 −7 ) cm 2 /W and 1.12 × 10 −9 (1.37 × 10 −10 ) e.s.u., respectively. The origin of the observed SSPM patterns under 532 nm excitation was elucidated theoretically. Finally, the correlation of χ (3) Mono with the mobility of charge carriers for a vast number of 2D materials is utilized to establish the origin of the observed NLO effect under 532 nm pump laser radiation in the 2D Ga 2 Te 3 . Additionally, NLO absorption coefficients of 2D Ga 2 Te 3 have been extracted using the femtosecond Z-scan technique at 800 nm. We observed a switching behavior (saturable to threephoton absorption) in the nonlinear absorption mechanism with different input peak intensities. The highest three-photon absorption coefficient of ∼1.68 cm 3 /GW 2 was observed for a 350 GW/cm 2 peak intensity. We believe that such reports of interesting linear and NLO properties of this newly synthesized 2D material can be utilized in the future for a wide number of optoelectronic applications.

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Hematene Nanoflakes: A Non-van der Waals Material with Superior Nonlinear Optical Properties

Cited by 8 publications

References 67 publications

2D Non‐van der Waals Nanoplatelets of Hematene and Magnetene: Nonlinear Optical Response and Optical Limiting Performance from UV to NIR

2D Non‐van der Waals Nanoplatelets of Hematene and Magnetene: Nonlinear Optical Response and Optical Limiting Performance from UV to NIR

Structure–Property Relationships of ITIC-Based Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor Type Molecules as Novel Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials

Synthesis, Green Photoluminescence and Studies of Nonlinear Optical Spatial Self Phase Modulation Effect in 2D Ga₂Te₃ Nanosheets

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Hematene Nanoflakes: A Non-van der Waals Material with Superior Nonlinear Optical Properties

Cited by 8 publications

References 67 publications

2D Non‐van der Waals Nanoplatelets of Hematene and Magnetene: Nonlinear Optical Response and Optical Limiting Performance from UV to NIR

2D Non‐van der Waals Nanoplatelets of Hematene and Magnetene: Nonlinear Optical Response and Optical Limiting Performance from UV to NIR

Structure–Property Relationships of ITIC-Based Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor Type Molecules as Novel Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials

Synthesis, Green Photoluminescence and Studies of Nonlinear Optical Spatial Self Phase Modulation Effect in 2D Ga2Te3 Nanosheets

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Product

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Synthesis, Green Photoluminescence and Studies of Nonlinear Optical Spatial Self Phase Modulation Effect in 2D Ga₂Te₃ Nanosheets