Hematite: A Good Catalyst for the Thermal Decomposition of Energetic Materials and the Application in Nano-Thermite

Abstract

Metal oxides (MOs) are of great importance in catalysts, sensor, capacitor and water treatment. Nano-sized MOs have attracted much more attention because of the unique properties, such as surface effect, small size effect and quantum size effect, etc. Hematite, an especially important additive as combustion catalysts, can greatly speed up the thermal decomposition process of energetic materials (EMs) and enhance the combustion performance of propellants. This review concludes the catalytic effect of hematite with different morphology on some EMs such as ammonium perchlorate (AP), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylenete-tranitramine (HMX), etc. The method for enhancing the catalytic effect on EMs using hematite-based materials such as perovskite and spinel ferrite materials, making composites with different carbon materials and assembling super-thermite is concluded and their catalytic effects on EMs is also discussed. Therefore, the provided information is helpful for the design, preparation and application of catalysts for EMs.

In situ growth of copper-based energetic complexes on GO and an MXene to synergistically promote the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

“…Commonly used combustion promoters include metals and their oxides, energetic complexes, carbon materials, nanocomposites, carbon-based composite materials, etc. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Among them, energetic complexes (ECs) based on the coordination selfassembly of metal ions and nitrogen-rich ligands have the advantages of a high energy level, a large specific surface area and high gas production, thus receiving widespread attention in the field of energetic materials and combustion promoters. 9,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] In the process of research, however, ECs gradually showed the shortcomings of poor conductivity, thermal conductivity and safety performance.…”

Insights into a co-precursor driven solid-state thermal reaction of ferrocene carboxaldehyde leading to hematite nanomaterial: a reaction kinetic study

“…1–4 Recent studies demonstrated that fundamental properties of bulk materials can be effectively improved and customized by tuning the size, shape, composition, and crystallinity in nanomaterials. 3–9 Hematite is an environmentally compatible, cost-effective, and good corrosion-resistive narrow band gap semiconductor. These striking properties led to the fabrication of various nanostructures of hematite ( e.g.…”

“…These striking properties led to the fabrication of various nanostructures of hematite ( e.g. , nanorods, nanotubes, nanocubes, nanospheres, and nanoflakes) by employing a variety of synthesis methods to allow for major applications in magnetic storage devices, 10 biomedicine, 11 engineering and industrial fields, 3 lithium-ion batteries, 12 gas sensors, 13 water treatment, 14 and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 15 However, the physical property of these nanomaterials strongly depend on the size, shape, and crystallinity, which are dependent on the synthesis method.…”

“…Depending on the size and shape, hematite at nanoscale shows a large number of applications. [1][2][3][4] Recent studies demonstrated that fundamental properties of bulk materials can be effectively improved and customized by tuning the size, shape, composition, and crystallinity in nanomaterials. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Hematite is an environmentally compatible, cost-effective, and good corrosion-resistive narrow band gap semiconductor.…”

“…[1][2][3][4] Recent studies demonstrated that fundamental properties of bulk materials can be effectively improved and customized by tuning the size, shape, composition, and crystallinity in nanomaterials. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Hematite is an environmentally compatible, cost-effective, and good corrosion-resistive narrow band gap semiconductor. These striking properties led to the fabrication of various nanostructures of hematite (e.g., nanorods, nanotubes, nanocubes, nanospheres, and nanoakes) by employing a variety of synthesis methods to allow for major applications in magnetic storage devices, 10 biomedicine, 11 engineering and industrial elds, 3 lithium-ion batteries, 12 gas sensors, 13 water treatment, 14 and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).…”