Hematologic Disorders Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS

Cosby, Cecily D.

doi:10.1097/00129804-200701000-00005

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Diminution of CD4 + T-cells and haematological complications are hallmarks of HIV disease progression [15] associated with increase morbidity and mortality [16]. The incidence and severity of these factors generally correlate with the stage of the disease with anaemia being the most common and important haematologic predictor of HIV progression to AIDS [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immuno-haematologic and virologic responses and predictors of virologic failure in HIV-1 infected adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundContemporary data on the immunologic, haematologic and virologic responses and predictors of virologic failure after initiation of free antiretroviral treatment in Cameroon are needed to evaluate the current treatment-monitoring algorithm and to complement efforts to scale-up and improve on the management of HIV infections.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted between October 2010 and June 2012. A total of 951 participants aged 18–74 years were recruited from selected approved HIV treatment centres of the Northwest and Southwest regions. This comprised 247 males and 704 females. Demographic, self-reported risk behaviours and socioeconomic data were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Full blood and CD4 + T-cell counts were done using standard automated techniques. Determination of viral load (VL) was done using Abbott RealTime HIV-1 m2000™ system. Data was analysed using SPSS version 17. The statistical significance level was P < 0.05.ResultsThe median duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) was 24 months. The population mean CD4 + T-cell count was 255.3 cells/μL [95% CI, 236.8 – 273.9]. Overall, 45.9%, 43.8% and 10.2% of the participants had CD4 + T-cell counts of < 200 cells/μL, 200–499 cells/μL and > 500 cells/μL respectively. Anaemia was present in 26.2% of the participants with 62.3%, 25.7% and 12% described as mild, moderate and severe anaemia respectively. Virologic failure occurred in 23.2% of the participants with 12.3% having VL > 10,000 RNA copies/mL. Meanwhile 76.8% of patients attained adequate viral suppression with 40.8% having undetectable viral load. The age group 18–29 years (p = 0.024), co-infection with tuberculosis (p = 0.014), anaemia (p = 0.028) and distance from the treatment centre (p = 0.011) independently predicted virologic failure.ConclusionThe majority of the participants achieved adequate viral suppression after ≥ 6 months of ART. Despite these favourable immuno-haematologic and virologic outcomes, the National AIDS Control Program should step-up efforts to improve on antiretroviral drug distribution, as well as proper assessment and management of anaemia, foster early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis and enhance treatment adherence counselling especially in younger patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immuno-haematologic and virologic responses and predictors of virologic failure in HIV-1 infected adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Haematological complications among HIV patients are generally marked with cytopenias such as anaemia, neutropenia, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia [7,8]. The incidence and severity of the cytopenia generally correlate to the stage of the disease with anaemia being the most commonly encountered haematologic abnormality and a significant predictor of progression to AIDS or death [9,10].…”

Section: The Common Opportunistic Respiratory Fungal Pathogens Include;mentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological Profile of HIV Infected Patients with Opportunistic Respiratory Mycoses in Relation to Immune Status?A Hospital Based Cohort from Calabar, Nigeria

Ogba¹,

Bassey²

2013

Trop Med Surg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To determine the spectrum of hematological manifestations and evaluate the relationship between various hematological manifestations and CD4 cell count among respiratory mycoses positive adult HIV patients in Calabar, Nigeria. This study was conducted since there is no information from the South-South geopolitical zone in Nigeria regarding the hematological manifestations among patients with respiratory mycoses and the probable interpretation of the same in this population.

show abstract

“…On the other hand, thrombocytopenia is usually caused by immune-mediated destruction of platelets, in addition to inadequate production [8]. Other causes of cytopenias in HIV infected patients include treatment-related adverse events, opportunistic infections, malignancies, drugs (zidovudine and cotrimoxazole) and other pre-existing or co-existing medical problems [3, 9, 10]. Anaemia in HIV-infected persons is associated with CD4 cell depletion and progression to AIDS and is one of the strongest predictors of poor responses to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV-related mortality [1, 11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of blood cell abnormalities among antiretroviral therapy naïve HIV patients attending the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon

Wankah

Tagny²,

Mbanya³

2014

BMC Hematol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAbnormal hemograms are common manifestations and important predictive tools for morbidity in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Few studies have been reported on the blood profile of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) naive subjects, therefore this study aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the blood cell profile of HIV ART naive patients, and to describe the occurrence of the blood cytopenias by CD4 cell counts and WHO clinical stage.MethodsThis cross-sectional study of ART naive HIV patients was done at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital (YUTH). For eligible participants, a structured questionnaire was filled and a clinical examination was done. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of full blood count and CD4 cell count. Blood films were made for the cytological examination of the blood samples and a reticulocyte count was done by the cresyl blue stain method.ResultsOf 81 cases reviewed, 66 (81.5%) had a blood cell disorder. The main qualitative blood disorders on the blood film were metamyelocytes (37.1%), toxic neutrophils (33.3%), stab neutrophils (29.6%), anisocytosis (35.6%) hypochromia (32.1%) and giant platelets (22.2%). Anaemia (62.9%) was the most common quantitative disorder of which 86.3% had low reticulocyte counts. Participants with low CD4 counts and advanced clinical stages had a greater occurrence of blood cytopenias (p-values <0.05).ConclusionIn the HIV infection, peripheral blood cell abnormalities affect all cell lineages, with anaemia being the most frequent single blood cell abnormality. Blood cytopenias mainly occur in advanced immunosuppression and clinical stages. Although all HIV patients may have blood cell disorders, those with advanced disease are more prone to develop them.

show abstract

Hematologic Disorders Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Immuno-haematologic and virologic responses and predictors of virologic failure in HIV-1 infected adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon

Immuno-haematologic and virologic responses and predictors of virologic failure in HIV-1 infected adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon

Haematological Profile of HIV Infected Patients with Opportunistic Respiratory Mycoses in Relation to Immune Status?A Hospital Based Cohort from Calabar, Nigeria

Profile of blood cell abnormalities among antiretroviral therapy naïve HIV patients attending the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About