Hematoprotective and Gastroprotective Effects of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Linn)-Supplemented Diet in Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Aims: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (CA) is a plant known to possess very high phenolic compound. The study evaluated hematological indices, anti-oxidative properties and gastroprotective potentials of CA leaf-supplemented diet.
 Methodology: Male Wistar rats weighing between 80-100 g were divided into 5 groups of n=18. Group 1 animals were fed with normal diet and groups 2-5 were fed with diets supplemented with 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% of C. aconitifolius powdered leaves continuously for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Hematological indices were examined in the whole blood plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) were investigated, and changes in stomach architecture were also examined via histology.
 Results: There was a progressive increase in weight gain at different weeks of feeding with Cnidoscolus aconitifolius-supplemented diet (CAD). Malondialdehyde level decreased (p<0.05) significantly in 1% CAD at 8 weeks of feeding when compared to normal diet group. Glutathione at the 8th and 12th weeks of feeding with 1% CAD and 10% CAD significantly (p<0.05) decreased when compared to the group fed normal diet. Catalase activity increased (p<0.05) significantly in 1%, 2.5% and 5% CAD groups when compared to the group fed normal diet at 4 weeks of feeding. There was increase in haematological indices across all the groups during the weeks of feeding. The microscopic examination of the stomach epithelial layer reveals improvement with no serious damage across all the groups.
 Conclusion: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius-supplemented diet moderately improves blood anti-oxidant against oxidative stress and the hematological indices with time. The diet also maintains the structural integrity of the stomach wall without causing any damage.

Effects of dried chaya leaf meal inclusion in the diet on growth performance and blood profiles in Thai native chicken (Pradu Hangdum)

“…It has been reported that chaya leaf meal (CLM) can be used as a feed ingredient up to 20% in blue shrimp [ 14 ]. An increase in BW gain (BWG) was found in the rats fed 5%, and 10% of CLM-supplemented diets [ 10 ]. The use of 15%–25% CLM inclusion in commercial diets showed similar BWG and FI compared with the chickens fed in the CLM-free group, but feed efficiency decreased in the CLM groups [ 15 ].…”

“…In addition, heterophils, eosinophils, and monocytes were linearly increased in the birds fed DCLM inclusion diets compared with the control. Chaya leaves can modify the blood parameters in Wistar rats [ 10 ], and chaya leaf extract was shown to improve blood components in Wistar rats with induced diabetes [ 16 ].…”

“…Also, enzyme activity, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), is related to hepatocellular damage [ 9 ]. Onasanwo et al [ 10 ] reported that feeding chaya to rats enhanced the hematological indices. Furthermore, some researchers reported that chaya leaf extract could reduce the damage to the liver and kidneys caused by toxic substances in rats [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Restoration of plasma kidney and liver biomarkers in doxorubicin-treated Wistar rats by aqueous extracts of Pleurotus tuberregium sclerotia and Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves

“…Extracts of P. tuberregium sclerotia and C. aconitifolius leaves have been reported to protect the liver and kidney (Oyagbemi and Odetola, 2010 ; Saba et al, 2010 ; Adaramoye and Aluko, 2011 ; Adaramoye et al, 2011 ; Ikewuchi et al, 2017 ; Iwu et al, 2020 ). They have also been reported to be hypolipidaemic, anti-diabetic (Oladeinde et al, 2007 ; Ikewuchi et al, 2013a , 2021d ; Achi et al, 2017 ; Ifeanacho et al, 2019a ), anti-hypertensive (Ikewuchi et al, 2013a , 2014 ), and haematomodulatory (Azeez et al, 2010 ; Ifeanacho et al, 2020 ; Iwu et al, 2020 ; Onasanwo et al, 2020 ). In the present study, the ability of aqueous extracts of P. tuberregium sclerotia and C. aconitifolius leaves to regulate plasma markers of kidney and liver function/integrity was investigated in doxorubicin-treated rats.…”