Hemicellulose: Structure, chemical modification, and application

Rao, Jun; Lv, Ziwen; Chen, Gegu; Peng, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101675

Cited by 168 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 416 publications

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“…(a) Structures of xylan-type polysaccharides. Reproduced with permission from Zhou et al Copyright 2017, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. (b) Structural formulas of hemicellulose, from left to right: in hardwood (O-acetyl-4-O-methylglucuronoxylan, glucomannan, and xyloglucan), softwood (O-acetylgalactoglucomannan, glucuronoxylan, and arabinogalactan), and Gramineae arabinoxylan and β-(1 → 3, 1 → 4) glucan Reproduced with permission from Rao et al Copyright 2023, Elsevier.…”

Section: Atomistic Representations and Chemistry Of Lignocellulosic M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rao et al 77 provided a thorough analysis of hemicellulose, covering various essential aspects such as its molecular structure and its potential applications as raw materials for nanocrystals, chemical modification-based functional materials, nanoparticles, emulsifying agents, film coatings, hydrogels, aerogels, and carbon materials. The study also included an insightful examination of hemicellulose structures from three distinct types of biomasses (Figure 3b), along with their respective classes.…”

Section: Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Atomistic Modeling of Lignocellulosic and Carbonaceous Fuels and Their Pyrolysis Reactions: A Review

Sierra-Jimenez,

Mathews,

Chejne

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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This paper explores the utility of large-scale atomistic models to examine the complex relationship between biochar behavior, its structural characteristics, and the reactions involved in its formation. Pyrolysis kinetic models primarily focus on explaining the formation of small volatiles and aromatic structures without fully understanding the carbonization process. To gain a deeper understanding of carbonization and move beyond unrealistic structures resembling levoglucosan, it is necessary to examine the transformation of the lignocellulosic macromolecules into carbonaceous structures from a molecular-level perspective. This includes exploring structural transitions and large-scale reactive dynamics. Furthermore, incorporating atomistic representations derived from experimental data and theoretical modeling can help overcome the limitations of relying solely on empirical and density functional theory approaches due to the need for scale to capture biochar properties. Additionally, by considering structural transitions on a large scale, we can effectively capture the complexity of biomass pyrolysis, the interaction of free radicals, and the pore size distribution, all essential for comprehending biochar reactivity and utility.

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Section: Atomistic Representations and Chemistry Of Lignocellulosic M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Atomistic Modeling of Lignocellulosic and Carbonaceous Fuels and Their Pyrolysis Reactions: A Review

Sierra-Jimenez,

Mathews,

Chejne

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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“…Natural polymers like proteins, pectin, κ-carrageenan, cellulose, starch, and chitosan contain abundant hydrophilic groups to form hydrogels and are ideal for medical, pharmaceutical, and food applications due to their distinctive biodegradability, biocompatibility, sustainability, and renewable properties. − Among them, starch is an extremely appealing biomaterial because of its comparatively low cost and ability to form an integrated gel network structure without cross-linking agents. Chemically, native starch granules show a semicrystalline organization with multiscale structure (i.e., granular structure, growth rings, lamellar structure, crystalline and helical structures) based on the assembly of amylose and amylopectin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Starch-Based Hydrogels with Excellent Injectability, Self-Healing, Adhesion, Photothermal Effect, and Antibacterial Activity for Promoting Wound Healing

Xu,

Sun,

Chong

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Hydrogel materials have proven valuable in wound healing, but improving the safety of these hydrogels is still challenging. Therefore, designing multifunctional natural polymeric-based hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties to replace toxic or potentially risky, refractory chemical polymer-based hydrogels such as polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol is of particular significance. Here, a green starch-based hydrogel (Starch@Ca/CGC hydrogel) with injectability, self-healing, and instant adhesion was constructed by coordination interaction, electrostatic interaction, and intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Therein, natural bioactive small molecules gallic acid (GA) and carvacrol (CA) were coordinated with metal ions by the ultrasonictriggered self-assembly and ionic cross-linking codriven strategy to prepare Cugallic acid-carvacrol nanospheres (CGC NPs), which conferred the hydrogel with near-infrared light (NIR)-controlled CA release and photothermal synergistic sterilization properties, as well as antioxidant and anti-infection capabilities. More importantly, the multifunctional hydrogel platforms could completely cover an irregular wound shape to prevent secondary injury and significantly accelerate wound healing under NIR with more skin appendages like hair follicles and blood vessels appearing. Therefore, it is expected that this starch-based hydrogel could serve as a competitive multifunctional dressing in the biomedical field, including bacteria-derived wound infection and other tissue repair.

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“…To this end, different strategies have been proposed for building xylan packing materials, including blending and molecular engineering. 22 Although extensive work has been performed to prepare xylanbased biodegradable packing materials, poor mechanical behavior is still a scientific problem that restricts their use in a wide range of applications. Therefore, developing a facile and scalable method to fabricate high-performance xylan plastic remains a scientific challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More importantly, xylan lacks a melting temperature or glass transition temperature, which prevents it from being melt-processed by extrusion, injection, and blow molding like traditional plastics because of existing strong intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. To this end, different strategies have been proposed for building xylan packing materials, including blending and molecular engineering . Although extensive work has been performed to prepare xylan-based biodegradable packing materials, poor mechanical behavior is still a scientific problem that restricts their use in a wide range of applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylan Plastic

Jia

Rao

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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The increasing accumulation of plastic waste has brought serious environmental issues. Biodegradable plastics are promising candidates to solve the problem but still remain a scientific challenge. Here, xylan plastic (XP) was fabricated by a strategy of double cross-linking through etherification combined with hot pressing. The mechanical properties, particularly the toughness of XP, were significantly enhanced by the incorporation of chemical and physical cross-linking domains. The tensile strength, toughness, and modulus of XP can reach up to 55 MPa, 2.2 MJ/m 3 , and 1.7 GPa, respectively, which are superior to most traditional plastics. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) characterizations confirmed that XP is thermoplastic and can be hot formed. Additionally, the reversible hydrogen bond interaction between xylan chains could be simply regulated by water molecules, rendering XP readily transformed and repeatedly reprogrammed into versatile 2D/3D shapes. Moreover, XP showed a low thermal expansion coefficient and excellent optical properties. Cytotoxicity and degradability tests demonstrated that XP had excellent nontoxicity and can be biodegraded in 60 days. This work thus suggests an avenue for the scalable production of high-performance xylan-based plastics, in which the raw material comes from industrial wastes and exhibits great potential in response to plastic pollution.

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Hemicellulose: Structure, chemical modification, and application

Cited by 168 publications

References 416 publications

Atomistic Modeling of Lignocellulosic and Carbonaceous Fuels and Their Pyrolysis Reactions: A Review

Atomistic Modeling of Lignocellulosic and Carbonaceous Fuels and Their Pyrolysis Reactions: A Review

Green Starch-Based Hydrogels with Excellent Injectability, Self-Healing, Adhesion, Photothermal Effect, and Antibacterial Activity for Promoting Wound Healing

Xylan Plastic

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