Hemispheric sex differences in response to apparently moving stimuli as indicated by visual evoked potentials

Andreassi, John L.; Juszczak, N. M.

doi:10.3109/00207458208985095

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Considering that V5/MTϩ has been characterized as an area, which combines information about space, integrates V1 input, and, under some conditions, integrates them to compute pattern motion (Born and Bradley, 2005), we may speculate that the sexually dimorphic differences in the ratios of primary and secondary visual cortices to hOc5/V5/MTϩ suggest a stronger convergence of visual information from BA17/BA18 to the right hOc5 in females than in males. The increased amplitudes and activations in right female hemispheres noted above accord with that interpretation (Andreassi and Juszczak, 1982;Cohn et al, 1985;Kaufmann et al, 2001). Alternatively, smaller female hOc5 volumes may reflect a sparser sampling of BA17/BA18 by the right hOc5 of women than of men.…”

Section: Methodical Considerationssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…A pattern reversal study showed that the P1 component of the visual-evoked potential was considerably shorter in female than male infants (Malcolm et al, 2002). Central field stimulation produced a larger right than lefthemispheric response in females, whereas males had only nonsignificantly larger left hemisphere event-related potentials, suggesting a greater right-hemispheric responsiveness to moving stimuli in females (Andreassi and Juszczak, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender-Specific Left–Right Asymmetries in Human Visual Cortex

Amunts¹,

Armstrong²,

Maliković³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

121

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The structural correlates of gender differences in visuospatial processing are essentially unknown. Our quantitative analysis of the cytoarchitecture of the human primary visual cortex [V1/Brodmann area 17 (BA17)], neighboring area V2 (BA18), and the cytoarchitectonic correlate of the motion-sensitive complex (V5/MTϩ/hOc5) shows that the visual areas are sexually dimorphic and that the type of dimorphism differs among the areas. Gender differences exist in the interhemispheric asymmetry of hOc5 volumes and in the righthemispheric volumetric ratio of hOc5 to BA17, an area that projects to V5/MTϩ/hOc5. Asymmetry was also observed in the surface area of hOc5 but not in its cortical thickness. The differences give males potentially more space in which to process additional information, a finding consistent with superior male processing in particular visuospatial tasks, such as mental rotation. Gender differences in hOc5 exist with similar volume fractions of cell bodies, implying that, overall, the visual neural circuitry is similar in males and females.

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Section: Methodical Considerationssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Specific Left–Right Asymmetries in Human Visual Cortex

Amunts¹,

Armstrong²,

Maliković³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

121

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show abstract

“…For every subject the N2 peak values and corresponding latencies were established at these electrode locations. As the N2 is often lateralized to the left or right hemisphere across subjects (Andreassi & Juszczak, 1982), for every subject the two electrodes (or single electrode if slow and fast motion responses were maximal at the same electrode position) with maximal N2 amplitude for slow and fast motion were selected for further analysis. To assess modulation of this N2, the baseline N2 needed to be strong enough.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 50%

Disentangling neural structures for processing of high‐ and low‐speed visual motion

Lorteije

Wezel

Smagt

2008

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Human psychophysical and electrophysiological evidence suggests at least two separate visual motion pathways, one tuned to a lower and one tuned to a broader and partly overlapping range of higher speeds. It remains unclear whether these two different channels are represented by different cortical areas or by sub-populations within a single area. We recorded evoked potentials at 59 scalp locations to the onset of a slow (3.5 degrees /s) and fast (32 degrees /s) moving test pattern, preceded by either a slow or fast adapting pattern that moved in either the same direction or opposite to the test motion. Baseline potentials were recorded for slow and fast moving test patterns after adaptation to a static pattern. Comparison of adapted responses with baseline responses revealed that the N2 peak around 180 ms after test stimulus onset was modulated by the preceding adaptation. This modulation depended on both direction and speed. Source localization of baseline potentials as well as direction-independent motion adaptation revealed cortical areas activated by fast motion to be more dorsal, medial and posterior compared with neural structures underlying slow motion processing. For both speeds, the direction-dependent component of this adaptation modulation occurred in the same area, located significantly more dorsally compared with neural structures that were adapted in a direction-independent manner. These results demonstrate for the first time the cortical separation of more ventral areas selectively activated by visual motion at low speeds (and not high speeds) and dorsal motion-sensitive cortical areas that are activated by both high and low speeds.

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“…For VEPs the O t * derivation, covering recordings from the O tr or O tl derivation of a subject, was introduced for the following rationale: motion-onset potentials are often strongly lateralized, i.e. some subjects have more pronounced potentials at O tr , others at O tl (Andreassi & Juszczak, 1982). To maximize the signal to noise ratio for N2 amplitudes we evaluated the dominant O t derivation, i.e.…”

Section: Data Analysis (Erg and Vep)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Korth, 1986;Dodt & Kuba, 1995;Korth, Rix & Sembritzki, 1997), cortical mechanisms of motion detection in humans have repeatedly been investigated with the motion VEP (e.g. MacKay & Rietveld, 1968;Clarke 1972Clarke , 1973aClarke ,b, 1974Tyler & Kaitz, 1977;Andreassi & Juszczak, 1982;Gö pfert, Mü ller, Markwardt & Schlykowa, 1983;Kubovà, Kuba, Hubàcek & Vìt, 1990;Bach & Ullrich, 1994;Snowden, Ullrich & Bach, 1995). At occipital and occipito-temporal electrodes visual motion onset evokes a potential which is dominated by a positivity, P1 around 100 -130 ms, and a negativity, N2 around 150 -200 ms (reviewed by Niedeggen & Wist, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual motion detection in man is governed by non-retinal mechanisms

Bach

Hoffmann

2000

Vision Research

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It is generally assumed that there is no sizable proportion of motion detectors in the primate retina. To test this specifically for humans, visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded simultaneously to visual motion onset (9.3 degrees /s) of an expanding or contracting 'dartboard'. The degree of motion-specific responses in cortex and retina was assessed by testing the direction specificity of motion adaptation with three conditions in a fully balanced paradigm: motion-onset potentials were measured after adaptation to: (1) a stationary pattern; (2) motion in the same direction as the test stimulus; and (3) motion in the opposite direction. Motion-onset responses in the VEP were dominated by the typical N2 at 150 ms, in the ERG by a positivity at 70 ms. Onset of contraction or expansion evoked virtually identical VEP and ERG responses (P>0.5). Motion adaptation produced strong direction-specific effects in the VEP (P<0.05), but not in the ERG (P=0.58): In the adapting and non-adapting direction the VEP (N2) was reduced by 75 and 50% (P<0.001), the ERG by 32 and 26% (P<0.01 and 0.05), respectively. The striking difference of the direction-specificity of motion adaptation between cortex and retina suggests that in humans the vast majority of motion-specific processing occurs beyond the retinal ganglion cells.

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Hemispheric sex differences in response to apparently moving stimuli as indicated by visual evoked potentials

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Gender-Specific Left–Right Asymmetries in Human Visual Cortex

Gender-Specific Left–Right Asymmetries in Human Visual Cortex

Disentangling neural structures for processing of high‐ and low‐speed visual motion

Visual motion detection in man is governed by non-retinal mechanisms

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