Hemocytes of Ciona intestinalis express multiple genes involved in innate immune host defense

Shida, Kazuhito; Terajima, Daichi; Uchino, Ryuji; Ikawa, Shuntaro; Ikeda, Makoto; Asano, Katsutoshi; Watanabe, Toshio; Azumi, Kaoru; Nonaka, Masaru; Satou, Yutaka; Satoh, Nori; Satake, Masanobu; Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki; Kasuya, A.

doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00113-x

Cited by 55 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These genes include mannose-binding lectins (MBL), ficolins, and MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) (Fujita et al, 2004). Numerous innate immunity genes are expressed in the hemocytes of adult C. intestinalis, including components of the complement pathway related to genes identified in vertebrate hemocytes Shida et al, 2003). These genes may be involved in inflammatory-like reactions mediated by the blood cells, which occur in response to injuries (Di Bella and De Leo, 2000).…”

Section: Immunity and Allorecognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciona intestinalis: Chordate development made simple

2005

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Thanks to their transparent and rapidly developing mosaic embryos, ascidians (or sea squirts) have been a model system for embryological studies for over a century. Recently, ascidians have entered the postgenomic era, with the sequencing of the Ciona intestinalis genome and the accumulation of molecular resources that rival those available for fruit flies and mice. One strength of ascidians as a model system is their close similarity to vertebrates. Literature reporting molecular homologies between vertebrate and ascidian tissues has flourished over the past 15 years, since the first ascidian genes were cloned. However, it should not be forgotten that ascidians diverged from the lineage leading to vertebrates over 500 million years ago. Here, we review the main similarities and differences so far identified, at the molecular level, between ascidian and vertebrate tissues and discuss the evolution of the compact ascidian genome.

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Section: Immunity and Allorecognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciona intestinalis: Chordate development made simple

2005

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“…The presence of the lectin pathway has also been indicated in cephalochordates by the identification in Amphioxus of the lectin pathway components, MASP1, MASP3, and C3 (18). These close ancestral relatives of vertebrates are believed to lack MASP2-like components, because an MASP2-like gene is absent from the genome of another member of urochordates, the sea squirt, Ciona intestinalis (19,20). This is consistent with the lack, in the urochordates, of C4 and C2, natural substrates of MASP2 in mammals.…”

Section: Lectin Pathway Of Bony Fish Complement: Identification Of Twmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lectin Pathway of Bony Fish Complement: Identification of Two Homologs of the Mannose-Binding Lectin Associated with MASP2 in the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Nakao

Kajiya

Sato

et al. 2006

The Journal of Immunology

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The lectin pathway of complement is considered to be the most ancient complement pathway as inferred from identification of ancient homologs of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) in some invertebrates. MBL homologs with galactose selectivity and an MASP3-like sequence also occur in bony fish, linking the evolution of the lectin complement pathway from invertebrates to higher vertebrates. However, these cannot be considered authentic complement components until confirmatory functional evidence is obtained. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of two MBL homologs from a cyprinid teleost, the common carp, Cyprinus carpio. One, designated GalBL, corresponds to the MBL-like molecule with the galactose specificity. The other is an authentic MBL with mannose specificity. Both were found to associate with a serine protease that cleaves native human C4 into C4b but not C4i with a hydrolyzed thioester. Molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis revealed this C4-activating protease to be carp MASP2, indicating that MASP2 arose before the emergence of bony fish. Database mining of MBL-like genes reveals that MBL and GalBL genes are arranged in tandem in the zebrafish genome and that both lectins are conserved in the distantly related puffer fish. These results imply that bony fish have developed a diverged set of MBL homologs that function in the lectin complement pathway.

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“…Recent progress in the genome sequencing of Ciona intestinalis has led to the development of an important tool for examining gene function and expression in immune responses. cDNA/EST derived from C. intestinalis hemocytes together with the identification of the corresponding gene in the draft Ciona genome sequence Shida et al 2003) have demonstrated the existence of an ectodysplasin/TNF-like multigene family. Recently, the C. savigny genome has been sequenced, and a TNF-like gene predicted and annotated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced expression of a cloned and sequenced Ciona intestinalis TNFα-like (CiTNFα) gene during the LPS-induced inflammatory response

et al. 2008

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A tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα)-like gene from Ciona intestinalis (CiTNFα-like) body wall challenged with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was cloned and sequenced 4 h after LPS inoculation. An open reading frame of 936 bp encoding a propeptide of 312 amino acids (35.4 kDa) displaying a transmembrane domain from positions 7 to 29, a TACE cleavage site, and a mature peptide domain of 185 amino acids (20.9 kDa), was determined with a predicted isoelectric point of 9.4. The phylogenetic tree based on deduced amino acid sequences of invertebrate TNF-like protein and vertebrate TNFs supported the divergence between the ascidian and vertebrate TNF families, whereas D. melanogaster Eiger A and B TNF-like sequences were distinctly separated from the chordate TNFs. Thus, the ascidian TNFα-like cytokine was upregulated by in vivo LPS challenge supporting its proinflammatory role. In the pharynx, increased expression levels were found following analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction, whereas in situ hybridization assay showed positive hemocytes both in the tissue and in circulating hemocytes. Finally, Western blot with monoclonal antibodies disclosed human TNFα epitopes in a 15-kDa protein component of the hemolymph serum and in a 43-kDa protein contained in the hemocyte lysate supernatant prepared in the presence of detergents. Both soluble and hemocyte-bound CiTNFα-like protein therefore appeared to be modulated by the LPS challenge.

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Hemocytes of Ciona intestinalis express multiple genes involved in innate immune host defense

Cited by 55 publications

References 42 publications

Ciona intestinalis: Chordate development made simple

Ciona intestinalis: Chordate development made simple

Lectin Pathway of Bony Fish Complement: Identification of Two Homologs of the Mannose-Binding Lectin Associated with MASP2 in the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Enhanced expression of a cloned and sequenced Ciona intestinalis TNFα-like (CiTNFα) gene during the LPS-induced inflammatory response

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