Hemocytes ultrastructure of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Araújo, Helena Caldeira; Cavalcanti, Maria Taciana Holanda; Santos, Simone da Silva; Alves, Luíz Carlos; Brayner, Fábio André

doi:10.1016/j.micron.2007.01.003

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Studies that have recognized additional hemocytes types in mosquitoes also report that oenocytoids and prohemocytes comprise only a small proportion of the total hemocytes in circulation [23-25,36]. Collectively, these data agree with data from D. melanogaster, several species of Lepidoptera and other arthropods, where consistently only a small proportion of circulating hemocytes are identified as oenocytoids (called crystal cells in Drosophila ) and prohemocytes [15,43,48].…”

Section: Circulating Hemocyte Numberssupporting

confidence: 73%

Mosquito hemocyte-mediated immune responses

Hillyer

Strand

2014

Current Opinion in Insect Science

154

159

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Hemocytes are a key component of the mosquito immune system that kill pathogens via phagocytic, lytic and melanization pathways. Individual mosquitoes contain between 500 and 4,000 hemocytes, which are divided into three populations named granulocytes, oenocytoids and prohemocytes. Hemocytes can also be divided by their anatomical location with 75% of hemocytes circulating in the hemocoel (circulating hemocytes) and 25% of hemocytes attaching themselves to tissues (sessile hemocytes). Greater than 85% of the hemocytes in adult mosquitoes are granulocytes, which primarily kill pathogens by phagocytosis or lysis. Oenocytoids, on the other hand, are the major producers of the enzymes required for melanization while prohemocytes are small cells that participate in phagocytosis. Both circulating and sessile hemocytes engage in defense against pathogens. The circulatory system of mosquitoes also interacts with hemocytes and facilitates elimination of potential pathogens that enter the hemocoel.

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Section: Circulating Hemocyte Numberssupporting

confidence: 73%

Mosquito hemocyte-mediated immune responses

Hillyer

Strand

2014

Current Opinion in Insect Science

154

159

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“…There are several types of hemocytes found in hemolymph, numbers are limited and the cell types are detected at different ratios among mosquito species ( Castillo et al. 2006 ; Araujo et al. 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Anopheles gambiae (African Malaria Mosquito) Ferritin and the Effect of Iron on Intracellular Localization in Mosquito Cells

Geiser

Conley

Elliott

et al. 2015

Journal of Insect Science

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Ferritin is a 24-subunit molecule, made up of heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) subunits, which stores and controls the release of dietary iron in mammals, plants, and insects. In mosquitoes, dietary iron taken in a bloodmeal is stored inside ferritin. Our previous work has demonstrated the transport of dietary iron to the ovaries via ferritin during oogenesis. We evaluated the localization of ferritin subunits inside CCL-125 [Aedes aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae), yellow fever mosquito] and 4a3b [Anopheles gambiae Giles (Diptera: Culicidae), African malaria mosquito] cells under various iron treatment conditions to further elucidate the regulation of iron metabolism in these important disease vectors and to observe the dynamics of the intracellular ferritin subunits following iron administration. Deconvolution microscopy captured 3D fluorescent images of iron-treated mosquito cells to visualize the ferritin HC and LC homologue subunits (HCH and LCH, respectively) in multiple focal planes. Fluorescent probes were used to illuminate cell organelles (i.e., Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and nuclei) while secondary probes for specific ferritin subunits demonstrated abundance and co-localization within organelles. These images will help to develop a model for the biochemical regulation of ferritin under conditions of iron exposure, and to advance novel hypotheses for the crucial role of iron in mosquito vectors.

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“…The knowledge about arthropod immunity is relevant in the context of managing arthropod pests of agricultural and medical importance and for the protection of beneficial arthropods (such as honey bees) (Vijayendran et al, 2013). Pre-hemocytes are precursors of other cell types, but the source of these cells is still unknown in arachnids (Araújo et al, 2008). The plasmatocyte is involved in the phagocytosis process, as demonstrated by in vitro studies using hemocytes from the Blaberus craniifer cockroach (Anderson et al, 1973) and from the Pseudoplusia includens moth (Lavine and Strand, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Brown spider (Loxosceles intermedia) hemolymph: Cellular and biochemical analyses

Bednaski

Trevisan-Silva

Matsubara

et al. 2015

Toxicon

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This is the first study on the hemolymph from a spider of the Loxosceles genus. These animals are responsible for a great number of envenomation cases worldwide. Several studies on Loxosceles venoms have been published, and the knowledge about the venom and its toxins is considerable, not only regarding the biological and biochemical characterization, but also regarding structural, genetic and phylogenetic approaches. However, the literature on Loxosceles hemolymph is nonexistent. The main goal of the present study was to characterize biochemically the hemolymph content, and especially, to identify its different hemocytes. Moreover, many papers have already shown molecules whose source is the hemolymph and their very interesting activities and biomedical applications, for example, antifungal and antibacterial activities. A 2D-SDS-PAGE of brown spider hemolymph showed approximately 111 spots for pH 3-10 and 150 spots for pH 4-7. A lectin-blotting assay showed that hemolymph carbohydrate residues were similar to those found in venom. Several types of TAG and DAG phospholipids were found in the hemolymph and characterized by HPTLC and mass spectrometry. Four different hemocytes were characterized in Loxosceles intermedia hemolymph: prohemocyte, plasmatocyte, granulocyte and adipohemocyte. This paper opens new possibilities on toxinology, studying an unknown biological material, and it characterizes a source of molecules with putative biotechnological applications.

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Hemocytes ultrastructure of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Mosquito hemocyte-mediated immune responses

Mosquito hemocyte-mediated immune responses

Characterization of Anopheles gambiae (African Malaria Mosquito) Ferritin and the Effect of Iron on Intracellular Localization in Mosquito Cells

Characterization of Brown spider (Loxosceles intermedia) hemolymph: Cellular and biochemical analyses

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