Hemodynamic and neural responses to renal denervation of the nerve to the clipped kidney by cryoablation in two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats

Rossi, Noreen F.; Pajewski, Russell; Chen, Haiping; Littrup, Peter J.; Maliszewska‐Scislo, Maria

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00331.2015

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“… 50 Despite a decrease of plasma Ang II to values similar to sham-clipped animals, denervation of the clipped kidney results in a profound decrease in renal sympathetic nerve activity but no change in intrarenal Ang II to the unclipped kidney. 20 Although renal tissue Ang II was not measured in the current study, it is possible that persistent tubular effects by intrarenal Ang II contributed to the decrease in sodium excretion by the exercise-trained 2K-1C rats. 45 Furthermore, as these short-term clearance experiments were performed at the end of the 12-week exercise regimen at a time when the animals were likely in electrolyte balance, we cannot exclude the possibility that a greater or lesser amount of sodium was excreted earlier in the course by the exercised 2K-1C rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…We observed a significant bradycardic response to exercise training in the sham-clipped but not the 2K-1C rats in both protocols. Although 2K-1C rats clearly exhibit increased sympathetic nerve activity, 20 2K-1C rats 32 , 33 and mice 34 display decreased parasympathetic tone. The same has been suggested in human renovascular hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“… 47 Intrarenal Ang II was high in the clipped kidney 1 week after renal artery clipping; however, after 9 weeks, renal cortical Ang II decline levels were no different from those in sham-clipped rats. 20 Thus, the timing after clipping may also contribute substantially to the impact on GFR. It is plausible that efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction in response to systemic Ang II, which is threefold higher in the sedentary 2K-1C group, serves to maintain GFR at 12 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A silver clip (0.2 mm) was surgically placed around the right renal artery (2K-1C group) via a flank incision as we have previously reported. 8 , 20 , 21 Rats in the sham-clipped (Sham) groups underwent identical surgery but were not clipped. The flank incision was closed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, direct action of norepinephrine released from nerve endings onto adrenergic receptors on the tubules enhances renal sodium reabsorption independent of changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). 18 , 19 Renal denervation of the clipped kidney 20 and regular dynamic exercise in 2K-1C rats, 8 by virtue of their sympathoinhibitory influence, significantly decrease plasma Ang II levels in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. The combined decrease in direct sympathetic vasomotor tone and diminished Ang II actions on the vasculature should contribute to a decrease in systemic arterial pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Effects of voluntary exercise on blood pressure, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and renal function in two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats

Waldman¹,

Augustyniak²,

Chen³

et al. 2017

IBPC

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Spontaneous dynamic exercise promotes sympathoinhibition and decreases arterial pressure in two-kidney, one-clip (2K-1C) hypertensive rats. Renal sympathetic nerves stimulate renin secretion and increase renal tubular sodium reabsorption. We hypothesized that daily voluntary wheel running exercise by 2K-1C rats will decrease mean arterial pressure (MAP), plasma angiotensin II (Ang II), and aldosterone as well as normalize urinary sodium and potassium excretion independent of changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Five-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats underwent sham clipping (Sham) or right renal artery clipping (2K-1C). Rats were randomized to standard caging (SED) or cages with running wheels (EX). After 12 weeks, rats were assigned to either collection of aortic blood for measurement of Ang II and aldosterone or assessment of inulin clearances and excretory function. Running distances were comparable in both EX groups. MAP was lower in 2K-1C EX vs 2K-1C SED rats (P<0.05). Plasma Ang II and aldosterone were significantly higher in 2K-1C SED rats and decreased in 2K-1C EX rats to levels similar to Sham SED or Sham EX rats. Clipped kidney weights were significantly lower in both 2K-1C groups, but GFR and urine flow rates were no different from right and left kidneys among the four groups. Total and fractional sodium excretion rates from the unclipped kidney of 2K-1C SED rats were higher vs either Sham group (P<0.05). Values in 2K-1C EX rats were similar to the Sham groups. Potassium excretion paralleled sodium excretion. These studies show that voluntary dynamic exercise in 2K-1C rats decreases plasma Ang II and aldosterone, which contribute to the lower arterial pressure without deleterious effects on GFR. The effects on sodium excretion underscore the impact of pressure natriuresis despite elevated plasma Ang II and aldosterone in sedentary 2K-1C rats. In contrast, potassium excretion is primarily regulated by circulating aldosterone and distal sodium delivery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%