Hemodynamic Evaluation of  Left Testicular Varicocele by  Scrotal Scintigraphy

Minayoshi, Kenji; Okada, Hiroshi; Fujisawa, Masato; Yamasaki, Katsuhito; Kamidono, Sadao

doi:10.1159/000052409

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Bacterial epididymitis or epididymo-orchitis are the most common causes of scrotal pain in adults while torsion is more common in a younger age group (7)(8)(9)(10) . Minayoshi et al (11) , showed that the left side was affected in 78-93% of cases of varicocele, while bilateral varicoceles occurred in 7-22%, these results were consistent with our study which revealed that left sided varicocele constituted 83.33% and bilateral varicocele 16.67% of patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Sonographic Findings in Patients with Scrotal Swelling

Kadhim¹,

Obaid²,

Malik³

2016

IOSR

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Epididymal cysts were mostly seen at 41-50 years age group(29.4%). Inflammatory cause of scrotal swellings was seen in 2 age groups (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and (41-50), the incidence was 28.5% for each. Most cases of varicocele are of grade II (62.5 %) as shown in table(7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sonographic Findings in Patients with Scrotal Swelling

Kadhim¹,

Obaid²,

Malik³

2016

IOSR

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“…Buna ek olarak skrotumun vasküler hemodinamisinin saptanmasında da faydalıdır. [2,[31][32][33] Termografi sadece varikosel varlığını göstermede faydalı olmasına karşın sintigrafi spermatik vendeki reflünün varlığını ve derecesini de gösterir. [34,35] Ancak hem sintigrafi için hem de venografi için uygulama farklılıkları ve standart tanı kriterlerinin olmaması bu yöntemlerin kullanımını kısıtlamıştır.…”

Section: Termografiunclassified

Varikosel tanısında kullanılan görüntüleme yöntemleri

Atan¹

2018

Androl Bul

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E rkek infertilitesinin en sık ve düzeltilebilir nedeni olan varikosel, pampiniform pleksusta bulunan venlerin anormal dilatasyonudur. [1] Sıklıkla sol tarafta görülür. Sol internal spermatik ven vertikal olarak seyrederek o taraf renal venine drene olur. Sol renal ven içerisindeki yüksek basınç varikosel oluşumuna yol açar. Sağ taraf internal spermatik ven tanjansiyel olarak vena kavaya açıldığı için ciddi bir basınca maruz kalmaz. [2] Varikosele bağlı infertilitenin nedeni tam olarak bilinmemesine karşın ısı artışı, artmış veya azalmış kan akımı, renal ve adrenal metabolitlerin testise reflüsü, hipoksi, sigara, hormonal bozukluk, aile öyküsü, yaş, travma, obezite, flebit ve uzun süre ayakta kalma gibi faktörlerin rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. [3-6] Varikosel prevelansı sağlıklı erkeklerde %15-20 oranındadır. Primer infertilite nedeniyle tedavi arayan erkeklerde varikosel prevelansı %35-40 oranında iken sekonder ABSTRACT Varicocele is the most common and correctable cause of male infertility. Although the physical examination is the gold standard method in diagnosis of varicocele, some radiological imaging methods are still in use. Imaging methods used for varicocele diagnosis are venography, thermography, scintigraphy, computed tomography, and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Up-to-date information on radiological imaging methods will be given in this review.

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“…The examination is limited by its low specificity as both, scrotal inflammation and neoplasms can cause local temperature elevation (46,47) . Scintigraphy allows for a detection of varicocele as well as for an assessment of hemodynamics of arterial and venous scrotal vascularization (48)(49)(50) . However, multiple factors prevent the routine use of scintigraphy in varicocele diagnosis.…”

Section: Other Imaging Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wartość ultrasonografii w diagnostyce żylaków powrózka nasiennego

et al. 2016

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A varicocele is described as pathologically enlarged, tortuous veins of the pampiniform plexus, leading to an increased testicular temperature and adrenal metabolite reflux into the testes. Varicocele can impair spermatogenesis and is considered to be the most common cause of male infertility. Patients may palpate a thickening in the scrotum or complain of dull scrotal or inguinal pain, which increases when standing or during erection. In the case of a sudden onset of varicocele in elderly men, it is necessary to exclude renal tumor and extend diagnostic ultrasound with the assessment of the abdominal cavity. The diagnosis of varicocele is based on medical history and physical examination, which involves palpation and observation of the scrotum at rest and during the Valsalva maneuver. Ultrasound is the imaging method of choice. The width and the number of vessels in the pampiniform plexus as well as the evaluation and measurement of regurgitation during the Valsalva maneuver are typical parameters analyzed during ultrasound assessment. However, diagnostic ultrasound is still a controversial method due to numerous and often divergent classification systems for varicocele assessment as well as its poor correlation with clinical manifestations. As a result of introduction of clear ultrasound criteria as well as the development of elastography and nuclear magnetic resonance, diagnostic imaging can play an important role in assessing the risk of damage to the testicular parenchyma, qualifying patients for surgical treatment and predicting the effects of therapy.

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Hemodynamic Evaluation of Left Testicular Varicocele by Scrotal Scintigraphy

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Sonographic Findings in Patients with Scrotal Swelling

Sonographic Findings in Patients with Scrotal Swelling

Varikosel tanısında kullanılan görüntüleme yöntemleri

Wartość ultrasonografii w diagnostyce żylaków powrózka nasiennego

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