Hemodynamic overload and intra-abdominal adiposity in obese children: Relationships with cardiovascular structure and function

Kozàkovà, M.; Morizzo, C.; Bianchi, Vanessa; Marchetti, Sergio; Federico, Giovanni; Palombo, Carlo

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2015.10.002

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Higher BMI in childhood is typically associated with the presence of more cardio-metabolic risk factors, 42 high BP/hypertension, 43 increased aortic stiffness 44 and target organ damage. 45 In the current study there was a trend for African-American children to have greater BMI compared with white children. Moreover, we noted significant associations between BMI and BP, IMT, and PWV, consistent with previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Moreover, we noted significant associations between BMI and BP, IMT, and PWV, consistent with previous reports. 43-45 Contrastingly, some studies have noted inverse associations between BMI and global-measures of artery stiffness among 10-18 year olds. Philip et al suggested that reduced stiffness among those with higher BMI may not have been indicative of health status, but rather that structural vascular adaptations (ie, greater vasodilation) accompany obesity and may temporarily reduce artery stiffness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Racial Differences in Aortic Stiffness in Children

Lefferts

Augustine

Spartano

et al. 2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective To investigate racial differences in central blood pressure and vascular structure/function as subclinical markers of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) in children. Study design This cross-sectional study recruited 54 African-American children (18 female, 36 male; age 10.5 ± 0.9) and 54 white children (27 female, 26 male; age 10.8 ± 0.9) from the Syracuse City community as part of the Environmental Exposures and Child Health Outcomes (EECHO) study. Participants underwent blood lipid and vascular testing on two separate days. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and aortic stiffness were measured via ultrasonography and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), respectively. Blood pressure (BP) was assessed at the brachial artery and estimated in the carotid artery using applanation tonometry. Results African American children had significantly higher PWV (4.8 ± 0.8 m/s) compared with white children (4.2 ± 0.7 m/s; p<0.05) which remained significant after adjustment for confounding variables including socioeconomic status. African-American children had significantly higher IMT (African-American 0.41 ± 0.06, white 0.39 ± 0.05 mm), and carotid systolic BP (African-American 106 ± 11, white 102 ± 8 mmHg; p<0.05) compared with white children, although these racial differences were no longer present after covariate adjustments for height. Conclusions Racial differences in aortic stiffness are present in childhood. Our findings suggest that racial differences in subclinical CVD occur earlier than previously recognized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Racial Differences in Aortic Stiffness in Children

Lefferts

Augustine

Spartano

et al. 2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…Our data provide additional support to the growing evidence on the association of obesity with impaired vascular health. Impaired vascular health in the carotid artery wall was observed as early as in hypertensive children 24 , healthy pre-and early pubescent children 25 , adolescents 9,26 , and physically inactive adults o ce workers 6 . In a case control study among adults, obesity was associated with cIMT (but not distensibility) 7,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Trajectories of BMI Predict Carotid Stiffness and Plaque Volume in Type 2 Diabetes Older Adults: a Cohort Study.

Moshe

Haratz

Ravona‐Springer

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: High body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, its relationships with indices of carotid stiffness and plaque volume are unclear. We investigated associations of long-term measurements of BMI with indices of carotid stiffness and atherosclerosis among non-demented diabetes patients from the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline (IDCD) study. Methods: Carotid ultrasound indices [carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), distensibility, elastography and plaque volume] were assessed in N=471 participants. Mean BMI across all MHS diabetes registry measurements and trajectories of BMI were calculated. BMI was categorized into three trajectory groups representing: a relatively stable normal weight (n=185, 44%), overweight trajectory (n=188, 44.8%) and a trajectory of obesity (n=47, 11.2%). Linear and logistic regressions estimated associations of carotid indices with mean BMI and BMI trajectories. Results: Compared to the normal weight trajectory, an obesity trajectory was associated with carotid distensibility (β=-3.078, p=0.037), cIMT (β=0.095, p=0.004), and carotid elastography (β=0.181, p=0.004) but not with plaque volume (β=0.066, p=0.858). Compared with the normal weight trajectory, an obesity trajectory was associated with increased odds for impaired carotid distensibility (OR=2.790, p=0.033), impaired cIMT (OR=5.277, p=0.001) and large carotid plaque volume (OR=8.456, p=0.013) but not with carotid elastography (OR=1.956, p=0.140). Mean BMI was linearly associated with Distensibility (β=-0.275, p=0.005) and cIMT (β=0.005, p=0.026).Conclusions: Long-term measurements of adiposity are associated with indices of carotid stiffness and plaque volume among older type 2 diabetes adults.

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“…Classical factors such as adiposity, arterial hypertension, mild renal impairment with microalbuminuria, microinflammation, dyslipidemia, and low or even absent physical activity were observed in high prevalence in our cohort. Abdominal adiposity and low physical activity turned out to determine PWV and IMT, which are known to be associated with subsequent cardiovascular events [41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical organ damage after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric age

Borchert‐Mörlins¹,

Memaran²,

Sauer³

et al. 2018

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Advances in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in malignant and non-malignant diseases result in more long-term survivors, in whom cardiovascular (CV) disease is one leading non-cancer cause of death. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors and subclinical CV organ damage in survivors after HSCT in pediatric age. We enrolled 64 children in a cross-sectional approach 3.3 ± 3.1 years after HSCT. Anthropometric data, laboratory values, office and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were evaluated, showing a high prevalence of obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia. CV organ damage was determined by non-invasive measurements of aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and carotid intima media thickness (IMT). Increased IMT and elevated PWV reflecting subclinical vascular damage were detected in 48% (IMT) and 6% (PWV) of our population. For IMT, physical activity had a positive impact and was worsened by time after HSCT. Our results show a surprisingly high rate of subclinical CV organ damage and classical risk factors. Therefore, diagnosis and management of well-known CV risk factors belong to clinical care after HSCT.

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Hemodynamic overload and intra-abdominal adiposity in obese children: Relationships with cardiovascular structure and function

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Racial Differences in Aortic Stiffness in Children

Racial Differences in Aortic Stiffness in Children

Long-Term Trajectories of BMI Predict Carotid Stiffness and Plaque Volume in Type 2 Diabetes Older Adults: a Cohort Study.

Cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical organ damage after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric age

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