Hemodynamics of the renal artery ostia with implications for their structural development and efficiency of flow

McIntosh, William H.; Ozturk, Mesude; Down, Linden A.; Papavassiliou, Dimitrios V.; O’Rear, Edgar A.

doi:10.3233/bir-15069

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…Fluid forces and shear stress have become widely appreciated in biology and medicine for their effects on cells. Flow stimulates the release of the potent vasodilator nitric oxide (NO) in the circulatory system [1,2] and affects anatomy and differentiation in developmental biology [3,4]. The potential harmful effects of stresses on the cellular and molecular components of blood must be considered when engineers design hemodialysis units and blood-contacting medical devices [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elongational Stresses and Cells

Foster

Papavassiliou

O’Rear

2021

Cells

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Fluid forces and their effects on cells have been researched for quite some time, especially in the realm of biology and medicine. Shear forces have been the primary emphasis, often attributed as being the main source of cell deformation/damage in devices like prosthetic heart valves and artificial organs. Less well understood and studied are extensional stresses which are often found in such devices, in bioreactors, and in normal blood circulation. Several microfluidic channels utilizing hyperbolic, abrupt, or tapered constrictions and cross-flow geometries, have been used to isolate the effects of extensional flow. Under such flow cell deformations, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and a variety of other cell types have been examined. Results suggest that extensional stresses cause larger deformation than shear stresses of the same magnitude. This has further implications in assessing cell injury from mechanical forces in artificial organs and bioreactors. The cells’ greater sensitivity to extensional stress has found utility in mechanophenotyping devices, which have been successfully used to identify pathologies that affect cell deformability. Further application outside of biology includes disrupting cells for increased food product stability and harvesting macromolecules for biofuel. The effects of extensional stresses on cells remains an area meriting further study.

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