Hemoglobin affinity for oxygen in three subspecies of toads (Bufo sp.) living at different altitudes

Physiological and Biochemical Adaptations to High Altitude in Tibetan Frogs, Nanorana parkeri

“…Oxygen carrying capacity can be enhanced by increased hemoglobin concentration and hemoglobin-oxygen affinity as well as by changing the shape of the O 2 equilibrium curve ( Brauner and Wang, 1997 ; Storz, 2016 ). For instance, high-altitude Bufo spinulosus flavolineatus show higher hemoglobin affinity for oxygen than low-altitude individuals ( Ostojic et al, 2000 ).…”

High-altitude adaptive evolution in amphibians and reptiles: Status and prospect

“…高海拔青海沙蜥的心脏/体重比显著高 于低海拔种群, 有效提升了心脏血液的输出量 [22] . 在 血液学特征方面, 高海拔的两栖爬行动物血红蛋白浓 , 而红细胞大小(erythrocyte size, Ers)则随着海拔的升高而下降(小的红细胞体积可加快 血流速度) [14,21,46,51] , 另外, 分布于高海拔的物种或种群 相比低海拔类群, 血氧亲和力(blood oxygen affinity)也 有明显升高 [21,24,25,52,53] (图2, 表1), 血液学特征的变化在 一定程度上提高了高海拔两栖爬行动物氧气的运输能 力. 在氧从血液到组织运输方面, 高海拔两栖爬行动物 骨骼肌和心肌中较高的毛细血管密度增强了氧的传递 效率 [22,44] , 而肌红蛋白(myoglobin, Mb)浓度的升高也 显著提升了氧在组织细胞内的传递能力 [44,55] .…”

Respiration and hemoglobin function in the giant African bullfrogPyxicephalus adspersusTschudi (Anura: Pyxicephalidae) during rest, exercise and dormancy

“…Thus, blood oxygen affinities are higher in aquatic than air-breathing species (Lenfant & Johansen 1967). Analogously, high-altitude toad and frog species show high blood 174 VAN AARDT & WEBER*Blood physiology and dormancy in African bullfrog and Hb oxygen affinities (Hutchison et al 1976;Ostojic et al 2000), that correlate with differences in Hb structure. In the Andean frog Telmatobius peruvianus, the high affinity is attributable to loss of the amino acid residues that bind chloride ions in human and lowland Xenopus laevis Hbs (Weber et al 2002).…”