Hemoglobin degradation lipid peroxidation, and inhibition of na⁺/k⁺‐atpase in rat erythrocytes exposed to acrylonitrile

Abstract

The effect of acrylonitrile (VCN) on erythrocyte lipid metabolism was investigated in vitro in metabolically active red cells from male Sprague-Dawley rats containing three types of hemoglobins: oxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin, and carbon monoxyhemoglobin. VCN at the concentration of 10 mM rapidly depleted erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) (75% of control) and induced lipid peroxidation (274% of control). Degradation of oxy- and methemoglobin was directly proportional to the extent of lipid peroxidation (r = 0.89). Addition of glucose to the incubation medium decreased hemoglobin degradation while it slightly increased VCN-induced lipid peroxidation. The highest amount of lipid peroxidation occurred in erythrocytes containing carbon monoxyhemoglobin and glucose. In the isolated red cell membranes incubated with 10 mM VCN, the lipid peroxidation was 400% of controls. VCN (25 mM) noncompetitively inhibited erythrocyte membrane Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity and the degree of inhibition was inversely proportional to the reaction temperature (r = -0.88). These findings indicate that the VCN induced hemoglobin degradation and lipid peroxidation are two extremes of a spectrum of oxidative damage in red cells leading to a change in physical state of membrane structure causing inhibition of adenosine triphosphate (ATPase) activity.

Evaluation of some biomonitoring markers in occupationally exposed populations to acrylonitrile

“…The detected MDA levels in the erythrocytes of the MM workers are in agreement with the previous reported data that showed an induction of lipid peroxidation in rats exposed to AN [15,16].…”

“…Several studies consider that it could be used as a biomarker for environmental or occupational exposure to xenobiotics capable of enzyme induction [ 13,141. AN was shown to induce lipid peroxidation in rats [15,16]. Malonaldehyde is a volatile p-scission product formed from the peroxidation of certain polyunsaturated fatty acids and is considered an index of lipid peroxidation 1171.…”

EFFECTS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ON THE ERYTHROCYTE Na+,K+ATPase ACTIVITY IN FEMALE HYPERTHYROID PATIENTS

“…Maridonneau et al (1983) reported that the generation of oxygen free radicals within human red cells induces lipid peroxidation in membranes. Farooqui et al (1990) suggested that the oxidative damage in the red cells inhibits the Na + ,K + -ATPase activity, leading to change in physical state of membrane structure. Alternatively, there may be a greater inhibition of observed Na + ,K + -ATPase activity because Na + ,K + -ATPase pump activity requires endogenous ATP.…”