Hemoglobin E and Glucose-6-Phosphate Deficiency in the Khmer Air Force (Cambodia) *

Everett, W D; Yoshida, Akira; Pearlman, Eugene

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1977.26.597

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Comparing ethnic groups, 12.6% (25/199) in Khmer males was statistically higher whereas the rates in minorities of the Tum Pun and the Cha Ray were 1.1% (1/93) and 3.2% (2/63), respectively (P<0.01). Everett et al (1977) reported that the rate of G6PD deficiency in Khmer males was 14.2% (15/106). Compared with their report, our result of 12.6% was reasonable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations in Cambodia: G6PD Viangchan (871G>A) is the most common variant in the Cambodian population

et al. 2005

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We conducted a survey of malaria diagnoses and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing in remote areas of Cambodia. Blood specimens from 670 people were collected by the finger-prick method. Of these people, 24.9% were found to have malaria, and 7.0% of people were G6PD deficient. In the Khmer, the largest ethnical population in Cambodia, the G6PD deficiency rate of males was 12.6% (25/199) whereas the rates in the minorities of the Tum Pun and the Cha Ray were 1.1% (1/93) and 3.2% (2/63), respectively. Of the G6PD-deficient subjects, 97.9% (46/47) were G6PD Viangchan (871G>A), and only one case (2.1%) was G6PD Union (1360C>T). Since G6PD Mahidol (487G>A) is common in Myanmar according to our previous study, the current finding suggests that the Cambodian population is derived from homogeneous ancestries and is different from the Myanmar population. All G6PD Viangchan cases were linked to two other mutations of 1311C>T and IVS-11 nt93T>C in the G6PD gene.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations in Cambodia: G6PD Viangchan (871G>A) is the most common variant in the Cambodian population

et al. 2005

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“…This is the first study to be carried out in a predominantly military population in Cambodia since 1977 [7], [10], [33]. Residing along endemic borders, often in difficult terrain, mobile populations represent a critically important group for malaria containment and elimination efforts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Two versus Three-Day Regimens of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine for Uncomplicated Malaria in Military Personnel in Northern Cambodia: An Open-Label Randomized Trial

et al. 2014

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IntroductionEmerging antimalarial drug resistance in mobile populations remains a significant public health concern. We compared two regimens of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in military and civilians on the Thai-Cambodian border to evaluate national treatment policy.MethodsEfficacy and safety of two and three-day regimens of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine were compared as a nested open-label evaluation within a malaria cohort study in 222 otherwise healthy volunteers (18% malaria-infected at baseline). The first 80 volunteers with slide-confirmed Plasmodium falciparum or vivax malaria were randomized 1:1 to receive either regimen (total dose 360mg dihydroartemisinin and 2880mg piperaquine) and followed weekly for up to 6 months. The primary endpoint was malaria recurrence by day 42. Volunteers with vivax infection received primaquine at study discharge with six months follow-up.ResultsEighty patients (60 vivax, 15 falciparum, and 5 mixed) were randomized to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. Intention-to-treat all-species efficacy at Day 42 was 85% for the two-day regimen (95% CI 69–94) and 90% for the three-day regimen (95% CI 75–97). PCR-adjusted falciparum efficacy was 75% in both groups with nearly half (45%) still parasitemic at Day 3. Plasma piperaquine levels were comparable to prior published reports, but on the day of recrudescence were below measurable in vitro piperaquine IC50 levels in all falciparum treatment failures.ConclusionsIn the brief period since introduction of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, there is early evidence suggesting declining efficacy relative to previous reports. Parasite IC50 levels in excess of plasma piperaquine levels seen only in treatment failures raises concern for clinically significant piperaquine resistance in Cambodia. These findings warrant improved monitoring of clinical outcomes and follow-up, given few available alternative drugs.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01280162

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“…This G-6-PD variant is responsible for about 80% of G-6-PD deficiency in Thailand. It is interesting that 14 of 15 G-6-PD deficient Cambodians studied had G-6-PD Mahidol [6]. It is now conclusive that G-6-PD Mahidol is the most common G-6-PD variant in Indochina.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…It is probably identical to G-6-PD Indonesia [8] and G-6-PD B(-) Chinese [5]. It was also found in Laotians [16], and Cambodi ans [6]. This G-6-PD variant is responsible for about 80% of G-6-PD deficiency in Thailand.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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GIucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in South Vietnamese

Panich¹,

Bumrungtrakul²,

Jitjai³

et al. 1980

Hum Hered

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Hemoglobin E and Glucose-6-Phosphate Deficiency in the Khmer Air Force (Cambodia) *

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations in Cambodia: G6PD Viangchan (871G>A) is the most common variant in the Cambodian population

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations in Cambodia: G6PD Viangchan (871G>A) is the most common variant in the Cambodian population

Efficacy of Two versus Three-Day Regimens of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine for Uncomplicated Malaria in Military Personnel in Northern Cambodia: An Open-Label Randomized Trial

GIucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in South Vietnamese

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