Hemoglobin metabolism

Otto, Catherine N.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-53045-3.00016-7

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Besides the acute effect of CO poisoning, hypoxia is the most important stimulant for increasing erythrocyte production [ 3 ]. Sulfhemoglobin, which persists for as long as the cell lives, is formed by irreversible oxidation of hemoglobin by drugs (i.e., sulfanilamides, phenacetin, and nitrites) or exposure to sulfur chemicals in industrial or environmental settings [ 28 ]. Also, many drugs and chemicals can induce methemoglobin formation (i.e., chloroquine, nitroprusside, sulfonamides, organic and inorganic nitrites and nitrates, aromatic amines, and chlorobenzene), as well as some fertilizers and herbicides [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Inflammation and Inflammation-Related Indexes upon Emergency Department Admission Are Predictive for the Risk of Intensive Care Unit Hospitalization and Mortality in Acute Poisoning: A 6-Year Prospective Observational Study

et al. 2021

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Patients poisoned with drugs and nonpharmaceutical substances are frequently admitted from the emergency department (ED) to a medical or ICU department. We hypothesized that biomarkers of inflammation and inflammation-related indexes based on the complete blood cell (CBC) count can identify acutely poisoned patients at increased risk for ICU hospitalization and death. We performed a 6-year prospective cohort study on 1548 adult patients. The demographic data, the levels of hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), CBC, and inflammation-related indexes based on CBC counts were collected upon admission and compared between survivors and nonsurvivors, based on the poison involved. Both a multivariate logistic regression model with only significant univariate predictors and a model including univariate predictors plus each log-transformed inflammation-related indexes for mortality were constructed. The importance of the variables for mortality was graphically represented using the nomogram. hs-CRP (odds ratio (OR), 1.38; 95% CI, 1.16–1.65, p < 0.001 for log-transformed hs-CRP), red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were significantly associated with the risk of ICU hospitalization, after multivariable adjustment. Only RDW, NLR, and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were significantly associated with mortality. The predictive accuracy for mortality of the models which included either NLR (AUC 0.917, 95% CI 0.886-0.948) or MLR (AUC 0.916, 95% CI 0.884-0.948) showed a high ability for prognostic detection. The use of hs-CRP, RDW, NLR, and MLR upon ED admission are promising screening tools for predicting the outcomes of patients acutely intoxicated with undifferentiated poisons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Inflammation and Inflammation-Related Indexes upon Emergency Department Admission Are Predictive for the Risk of Intensive Care Unit Hospitalization and Mortality in Acute Poisoning: A 6-Year Prospective Observational Study

et al. 2021

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“…Hb A 2 (α 2 δ 2 ) is the second component about less than 3.5% in normal adults. Hb F (α 2 γ 2 ) or fetal hemoglobin with 1-2% is found in normal individuals [5]. According to Hb A (α 2 β 2 ) is the major component of total hemoglobin and contributes to gas transport in the human body.…”

Section: Globin Gene Cluster Functional Globin Genes and Normal Adult...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Thalassemia and Hb Variants in Southeast Asia: Genotype-Phenotype Relationship

Nuinoon¹

2023

Thalassemia Syndromes - New Insights and Transfusion Modalities

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Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies are characterized by globin gene mutations affecting the production of quantitative and structural defects of the globin chain. α-Thalassemia, β-thalassemia, hemoglobin E (Hb E), and hemoglobin Constant Spring (Hb CS) are very common in Southeast Asian countries. Complex interactions of thalassemia and Hb variants are also common and affect the thalassemia diagnosis with several techniques including Hb typing and DNA analysis. A family study (family pedigree) is required in the proband with a complex interaction of several globin gene defects with rare types. Homozygous β-thalassemia, Hb E/β-thalassemia, and Hb Bart’s hydrops fetalis are severe thalassemia and these diseases have been concerned and included in the prevention and control program in several countries. Understanding the genotype-phenotype could help with the proper laboratory tests, genetic counseling, and effective treatment for the patients.

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“…Pathologists can use COHb as a biomarker for CO because when inhaled, CO binds to hemoglobin to form COHb. 3,11,17 It is theoretically possible for CO to be passively absorbed by the body when there is a large breach in a body cavity. In a study using stillborn piglets, cavity blood samples showed an increase in COHb levels to 12% ± 2.6%; however, this was not observed in heart blood samples.…”

Section: Domestic Animals -Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CO has greater than 240 times the affinity for hemoglobin compared with oxygen and readily forms COHb when absorbed by the body. 11 Ultimately, elevations in COHb result in tissue hypoxia due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. 16 Postmortem COHb levels can be determined using multiple methods including headspace gas chromatography/thermal conductivity, ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry, and CO-oximetry.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Use of CO-oximetry to confirm carboxyhemoglobinemia in cats involved in secondary arson homicide

Stern

Muralidhar

2023

Vet Pathol

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The body of a deceased human and 4 deceased cats were found in a house while a fire was being extinguished. As a result of these findings, arson, homicide, and animal death investigations were opened. As part of the animal death investigation, all of the cats were submitted for veterinary forensic autopsies. All cats had soot on the fur and had soot deposits within the oral cavity, esophagus, and respiratory tract. Two cats had soot within the stomach. Cardiac blood was analyzed for carboxyhemoglobin using a CO-oximeter, and all cats had levels >65%. The cause of death was determined to be due to toxic smoke inhalation from the structure fire. Case findings support the potential use of CO-oximeter for determination of carboxyhemoglobin levels in cats and continued research in this area of forensic practice.

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Hemoglobin metabolism

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Biomarkers of Inflammation and Inflammation-Related Indexes upon Emergency Department Admission Are Predictive for the Risk of Intensive Care Unit Hospitalization and Mortality in Acute Poisoning: A 6-Year Prospective Observational Study

Biomarkers of Inflammation and Inflammation-Related Indexes upon Emergency Department Admission Are Predictive for the Risk of Intensive Care Unit Hospitalization and Mortality in Acute Poisoning: A 6-Year Prospective Observational Study

Interaction of Thalassemia and Hb Variants in Southeast Asia: Genotype-Phenotype Relationship

Use of CO-oximetry to confirm carboxyhemoglobinemia in cats involved in secondary arson homicide

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