Hemopoiesis in pregnant beagles following low-dose total-body irradiation and surgery

Abstract

Hemopoietic perturbations were observed in gravid beagles subjected to whole-body ionizing radiation during midpregnancy followed by the additional trauma of surgery, with alterations in peripheral blood hemogram parameters, bone marrow morphology, and concentration of marrow-derived granulocytic- and erythrocytic-committed stem cells. However, the trauma of surgery combined with irradiation had no apparent effects on the contralateral uterine horn with the remaining pups, with no indications of miscarriage, absorption of pups, or other complications of pregnancy.

Nontraditional Applications in Clinical Pathology

“…Comparable trends are believed to occur in dogs and cynomolgus monkeys, though published data are limited. Studies of hematopoiesis in pregnant dogs showed increased erythroid activity in the bone marrow in comparison to nonpregnant females; no data on reticulocyte concentrations were provided (Weinberg et al 1983).…”

“…PLT are increased in pregnant rats (Liberati, Sansone, and Feuston 2004;Kim et al 2000) and at the beginning of gestation in New Zealand white rabbits, followed by a decrease at the end of the gestation period (Kim et al 2002;Wells et al 1999). Total white blood cell (WBC) concentrations are elevated, compared to prepregnancy levels in rats, rabbits, and dogs, as well as in women (Kim et al 2000;Kim et al 2002;Liberati, Sansone, and Feuston 2004;Mims and Prchal 2010;Weinberg et al 1983;Wells et al 1999). No significant changes in WBC concentrations have been clearly described in cynomolgus monkeys.…”

“…Changes in RBC survival also appear during pregnancy, including reduced erythrocyte life span due to an “emergency hematopoiesis” response to elevated EPO levels (Lurie and Mamet 2000). The nonproportional increase of plasma volume versus RBC mass creates the characteristic “relative physiological anemia of pregnancy” observed in women and laboratory animals (Johnston, Kustritz, and Olson 2001; Kim et al 2000; Kim et al 2002; Liberati, Sansone, and Feuston 2004; Mims and Prchal 2010; Papworth and Clubb 1995; Weinberg et al 1983; Wells et al 1999; Yoshida, Ohtoh, Cho, Honjo, et al 1988).…”

Modulations in Mouse Hemopoiesis after Engraftment with Lewis Lung (3LL) Carcinoma Cells

“…Blood smears were stained with benzidine and counterstained with Wright'sGiemsa blood stains. The microplasma clot culture system, previously described in detail [7], was used to assess erythroid progenitor cells. Positive engraftments were palpable by day 7 and for that reason, day 7 was selected as the first examination day.…”

“…Experimental animal models with trans plantable nonmedullary solid tumors such as Ehrlich carcinoma [1,2], adenocarcinoma [3,4], and Lewis lung carcinoma [5][6][7][8] have shown dramatic perturbations in both mar row and spleen hemopoietic multipotential stem cells and committed progenitor cell populations. This report suggests that over a period of 7-30 days postengraftment a num ber of hematopoietic changes take place.…”