Hemoptysis and High-Density Shadow of Both Lungs Combined with Elevated Serum G-Lipopolysaccharide Misdiagnosed as Bronchiectasis with Gram-Negative Bacterium Infection Ultimately Confirmed as Mycobacterium Iranicum Infection by CT-guided Percutaneous Lung Biopsy and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS): a Case Report and Literature Review

Mycobacterium iranicum pulmonary disease in an elderly patient with extensive usual interstitial pneumonia: Case report

“…1,2 Our case along with those reported in the literature suggest that Mycobacterium iranicum could represent an emerging environmental health threat for patients with underlying chronic pulmonary diseases, such as UIP and traction bronchiectasis. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Accordingly, we suggest that pilot clinical trials should be conducted to devise treatment recommendations for patients with Mycobacterium iranicum pulmonary disease, and to determine the spectrum of macrolide resistance of this microorganism. The latter could have important implications for clinical management and ultimate outcome of these patients.…”

“…However, only sporadic human infections at various sites, including lung, have been reported worldwide thus far 1–6 . This notion is important because clinical features and ant‐infective treatment of Mycobacterium iranicum pulmonary disease have not been reported thus far 6 .…”

“…1 However, only sporadic human infections at various sites, including lung, have been reported worldwide thus far. [1][2][3][4][5][6] This notion is important because clinical features and ant-infective treatment of Mycobacterium iranicum pulmonary disease have not been reported thus far. 6 Accordingly, we report the first case of Mycobacterium iranicum pulmonary disease in an elderly patient with extensive usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and traction bronchiectasis.…”

Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of a Mycobacterium iranicum, a Newly Identified Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria, Strain SBH312 Isolated in Sabah, Malaysia

“…Recently it has been proposed to move this species to the new genus Mycolicibacterium (Gupta et al, 2018). Till now, this pathogen has been reported in Russia (Lyamin et al, 2020), the USA (Kalra et al, 2022), Spain (Balakrishnan et al, 2013), France (Grandjean et al, 2017), Germany (Becker et al, 2018), Italy, Sweden, Netherlands, Greece (Shojaei et al, 2013), Saudi Arabia (Varghese et al, 2017), China (Zhang et al, 2019), Japan (Inagaki et al, 2016), and Malaysia (Tan et al, 2013) in patients…”