Hemoptysis Secondary to Superior Vena Cava Syndrome

Tannu, Manasi; Greer, Meredith; Rim, Jeeyon; Hunt, William E.

doi:10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.1274

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The exact mechanism of the hemoptysis has not been described previously; however, Tannu and colleagues proposed a similar mechanism in patients with mitral stenosis, where they documented bronchial varices. In mitral stenosis, the back pressure and the increased left atrial pressure can lead to bronchial varices that can easily bleed [ 8 ]. In our case, bronchoscopy revealed active bleeding in the right lung lobes, which was managed successfully with interventional radiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Hemoptysis With Pleural Effusions Secondary to Superior Vena Cava Obstruction as a Complication of Central Venous Catheterization

Usman,

Cheema,

Mustafa

et al. 2024

Cureus

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This report outlines a rare case of superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome presenting with hemoptysis in a 33year-old female Jehovah's Witness patient with a complex medical history, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and chronic hemodialysis dependency due to end-stage renal disease and a failed renal transplant. The SVC syndrome was attributed to occlusion from a right subclavian dialysis catheter. The management of this case was particularly challenging due to the patient's severe anemia and the development of a tension hemothorax following thoracentesis, compounded by her refusal of blood transfusions in adherence to her religious beliefs. A multidisciplinary approach, incorporating bloodless medical techniques such as erythropoietin and iron infusions alongside surgical interventions without blood transfusion, was successfully employed. This case sheds light on the evolving etiology of SVC syndrome and highlights the uncommon but potentially fatal occurrence of hemoptysis as a complication. It also emphasizes the importance of respecting patient values in complex medical decisions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%