Purpose: Meningiomas are more common in females and 70-80% express the progesterone receptor, raising the possibility that high-dose exogenous estrogen/progesterone exposure, such as occurs during fertility treatments, may increase the risk of developing a meningioma. The goal of this study was to report the incidence of prior fertility treatment in a consecutive series of female meningioma patients. Methods: A retrospective review (2015-2018) was performed of female patients with meningioma, and those with prior fertility treatment were compared to those without fertility treatment using standard statistical methods. Results: Of 206 female patients with meningioma, 26 (12.6%) had a history of fertility treatments. Patients underwent various forms of assisted reproductive technology including: in vitro fertilization (50.0%), clomiphene with or without intrauterine insemination (34.6%), and unspecified (19.2%). Median follow up was 1.8 years. Tumors were WHO grade I (78.6%) or grade II (21.4%). Patients who underwent fertility treatments presented at significantly younger mean age compared to those who had not (51.8 vs 57.3 yrs, p = 0.0135, 2-tailed T-test), and on multivariate analysis were more likely to have multiple meningiomas (OR: 4.97, 95% CI: 1.4-18.1, p = 0.0154) and convexity/falx meningiomas (OR: 4.45, 95% CI: 1.7-11.5, p = 0.0021). Conclusions: Patients in this cohort with a history of fertility treatment were more likely to present at a younger age and have multiple and convexity/falx meningiomas, emphasizing the importance of taking estrogen/progesterone exposure history when evaluating patients with